Liquid crystal display device

1. A liquid crystal display device at least comprising:

an anisotropic collimating backlight;

a lower polarizing plate;

a liquid crystal panel;

an upper polarizing plate; and

an anisotropic diffusion element,

the anisotropic collimating backlight including a backlight unit and an anisotropic collimating element,

the anisotropic collimating element including a first polarizer and a birefringent layer,

the lower polarizing plate including a second polarizer and a first birefringent layer,

the upper polarizing plate including a second birefringent layer and a third polarizer,

the anisotropic diffusion element including a first diffusion layer and a second diffusion layer,

the backlight unit, the first polarizer, the birefringent layer, the second polarizer, the first birefringent layer, the liquid crystal panel, the second birefringent layer, the third polarizer, the first diffusion layer, and the second diffusion layer being laminated in the stated order,

the anisotropic collimating backlight having a greater average luminance in a direction along an absorption axis of the second polarizer and an absorption axis of the third polarizer than in a direction across the absorption axis of the second polarizer and the absorption axis of the third polarizer, and

the anisotropic diffusion element having a smaller diffusion degree in a direction along the absorption axis of the second polarizer and the absorption axis of the third polarizer than in a direction across the absorption axis of the second polarizer and the absorption axis of the third polarizer.

2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein, provided that an azimuth angle is determined as an counterclockwise angle relative to a predetermined direction set to 0° in a display surface of the liquid crystal display device, the anisotropic collimating backlight has a greater average luminance at the azimuth angles of substantially 0°, substantially 90°, substantially 180°, and substantially 270° than at the azimuth angles of substantially 45°, substantially 135°, substantially 225°, and substantially 315°; the anisotropic diffusion element has a smaller diffusion degree at the azimuth angles of substantially 0°, substantially 90°, substantially 180°, and substantially 270° than at the azimuth angles of substantially 45°, substantially 135°, substantially 225°, and substantially 315°; and one of the absorption axis of the second polarizer and the absorption axis of the third polarizer is at substantially 0°, and the other is at substantially 90°, or

the anisotropic collimating backlight has a smaller average luminance at the azimuth angles of substantially 0°, substantially 90°, substantially 180°, and substantially 270° than at the azimuth angles of substantially 45°, substantially 135°, substantially 225°, and substantially 315°; the anisotropic diffusion element has a greater diffusion degree at the azimuth angles of substantially 0°, substantially 90°, substantially 180°, and substantially 270° than at the azimuth angles of substantially 45°, substantially 135°, substantially 225°, and substantially 315°; and one of the absorption axis of the second polarizer and the absorption axis of the third polarizer is at substantially 45°, and the other is at substantially 135°.

3. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 2 ,

wherein the predetermined direction in the display surface of the liquid crystal display device is in parallel with a short side direction of a pixel in the liquid crystal panel.

4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein an absorption axis of the first polarizer and the absorption axis of the second polarizer are in parallel with each other, and

the absorption axis of the second polarizer and an in-plane slow axis of the birefringent layer are orthogonal to each other.

5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein a diffusion axis of the first diffusion layer and a diffusion axis of the second diffusion layer are orthogonal to each other.

6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein an angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizer and a diffusion axis of the first diffusion layer and an angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizer and a diffusion axis of the second diffusion layer are individually 45° or 135°.

7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein the anisotropic collimating element includes a plurality of the birefringent layers, and

the backlight unit, the first polarizer, the plurality of the birefringent layers, the second polarizer, the first birefringent layer, the liquid crystal panel, the second birefringent layer, the third polarizer, the first diffusion layer, and the second diffusion layer are laminated in the stated order.

8. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 7 ,

wherein in-plane slow axes of the plurality of the birefringent layers are orthogonal to or in parallel with one another.

9. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein the birefringent layer has a biaxial parameter NZ satisfying 10≦NZ or NZ≦−9, and

the birefringent layer has a thickness retardation value in an absolute value |Rth| satisfying |Rth|≧200 nm.

10. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein at least one of the first polarizer and the second polarizer is a reflective polarizer or a composite polarizer including a laminate of an absorptive polarizer and a reflective polarizer.

11. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein the first polarizer and the second polarizer are individually an absorptive polarizer or a composite polarizer including a laminate of an absorptive polarizer and a reflective polarizer, and

the first polarizer has a single transmittance different from a single transmittance of the second polarizer.

12. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1 ,

wherein the birefringent layer has a biaxial parameter NZ satisfying 2≦NZ<10 or −9<NZ≦−1, and

an angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizer and an in-plane slow axis of the birefringent layer is neither 45° nor 135°.

13. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12 ,

wherein an angle between the absorption axis of the second polarizer and the in-plane slow axis of the birefringent layer is 70° to 110° or −20° to 20°.

14. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12 ,

wherein at least one of the first polarizer and the second polarizer is a reflective polarizer or a composite polarizer including a laminate of an absorptive polarizer and a reflective polarizer.

15. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12 ,

wherein the first polarizer and the second polarizer are individually an absorptive polarizer or a composite polarizer including a laminate of an absorptive polarizer and a reflective polarizer, and

the first polarizer has a single transmittance different from a single transmittance of the second polarizer.

16. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12 ,

wherein the birefringent layer has a thickness retardation value in an absolute value |Rth| satisfying |Rth|≧200 nm.