Method for improving selectivity and recovery in the flotation of nickel sulphide ores that contain pyrrhotite by exploiting the synergy of multiple depressants
A method of using the synergy of multiple depressants to improve the depression of iron sulphide without compromising the recovery of the valuable sulphide minerals in the flotation of non-ferrous metal sulphides, while reducing or eliminating the use of environmentally problematic chemicals such as polyamines. The method has significant economic and environmental benefits. The multiple depressants comprise at least one organic polymer, at least one sulphur-containing compound and/or at least one nitrogen-containing organic compound.
1. A method for improving the selectivity and recovery of at least one or more valuable non-ferrous sulphide minerals associated with iron sulphides in a froth flotation process on non-ferrous metal sulphides, while reducing the use of environmentally problematic chemicals such as polyamines, by using the synergy of multiple depressants, the method comprising:
i) Treating a sulphide ore, either freshly ground slurry or a pre-treated and finely ground process intermediate, which contains at least one or more valuable non-ferrous sulphide minerals with iron sulphides in an aqueous alkaline slurry in the presence of a collector, a frother, a pH modifier, a carrier gas distributed through the slurry, and multiple depressants selected to include at least one organic polymer, at least one sulphur-containing compound, and at least one nitrogen-containing organic compound; and
ii) Carrying out froth flotation to depress the iron sulphides, while allowing the flotation of the at least one or more valuable non-ferrous sulfide minerals.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one or more valuable non-ferrous sulphide minerals are at least one of pentlandite and millerite, chalcopyrite and chalcocite and bornite, galena or sphalerite or a mixture thereof, a freshly ground ore or pretreated intermediate streams.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said at least one or more nonferrous sulfide minerals are selected from the group of nickel, copper, zinc and lead, cobalt, platinum, palladium, gold and silver part of sulphide mineral.
4. The method according to claim 1 , wherein said iron sulphides are pyrrhotite, pyrite and marcasite or a mixture thereof.
5. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the said aqueous alkaline slurry has a pH of between about 8 and 12.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the said aqueous alkaline slurry has a pH of 9.5.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the said collector is at least one of xanthate, dithiophosphate, thionocarbamate, dithiocarbamate, dithiophosphinate, xanthogen formates, xanthic esters or a mixture thereof.
8. The method according to claim 7 , wherein the said collector is xanthate.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the said carrier gas is selected from the group consisting of at least one of air, nitrogen, nitrogen-enriched air or oxygen-enriched air or carbon dioxide (enriched air) or a mixture thereof.
10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein the said carrier gas is air.
11. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the said nitrogen-containing organic compound is at least one of nitrogen-containing organic compound having a configuration selected from the group consisting one of or more polyethylene-polyamines with OCNCCCNCNC and NCCN structures, or a mixture thereof, including diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetraethylenepentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, hydroxyethyl-DETA, diethanolamine, and aminoethylethanolamine.
12. The method according to claim 11 , wherein the said nitrogen-containing organic compound is DETA (diethylenetriamine).
13. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the said sulphur-containing compound is at least one of water-soluble inorganic sulphur-containing compound selected from the group consisting of one or more sulphides, sulphites, hydrosulphites, meta-bisulphates, dithionates, tetrathionates, sulphur dioxide, or a mixture thereof.
14. The method according to claim 13 , wherein the said sulphur-containing compound is a sulphite.
15. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the said organic polymer is at least one water-soluble organic negatively charged polymer selected from the group consisting of one or more hardwood lignosulphonates, dextrin, guar gum, tapioca, starch, or cellulose.
16. The method according to claim 15 , wherein the said organic polymer is calcium lignosulphonate from hardwood with 6 kDa molecular weight, and containing about 5% sulphonate and about 2% sugar.
17. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the optimum dosage for each depressant is experimentally determined for each sulphide ore.
18. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the nitrogen-containing organic compound is present in the mixture at lesser amounts than would be needed if it was being used alone or in combination with the sulphur-containing compound.
19. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the multiple depressants can be added separately at the same time.
20. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the multiple depressants can be added sequentially without particular order.
21. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the multiple depressants can be added as a pre-mixed single solution with a determined preferential ratio of each component.
22. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the multiple depressants can be added as a premixed single solution with two of the components at a determined preferred ratio, and the third component added separately in varying amounts as needed.