Wellbore screens and methods of use thereof
This invention relates to wellbore equipment utilized in conjunction with operations performed in subterranean wells and, in particular, sand control screen assemblies providing secondary flow capabilities. Once sand control screen assembly includes a base pipe having an exterior surface and defining one or more perforations therein, a screen jacket disposed about the exterior surface of the base pipe and having a primary screen axially adjacent a secondary screen, and at least one relief valve configured to open upon experiencing a predetermined fluid pressure, wherein, once opened, the at least one relief valve diverts fluid flow from the primary screen and provides the fluid flow to the secondary screen.
1. A sand control screen assembly, comprising:
a base pipe having an exterior surface and defining one or more perforations;
a screen jacket disposed about the exterior surface of the base pipe and having a primary screen arranged axially adjacent a secondary screen;
a screen isolator directly coupled to and supporting the primary and secondary screens; and
at least one relief valve that prevents a fluid flow from passing through both the secondary screen and the base pipe until experiencing a predetermined differential pressure generated when the primary screen becomes plugged,
wherein the predetermined differential pressure opens the at least one relief valve to divert the fluid flow from the primary screen to the secondary screen.
2. The sand control screen assembly of claim 1 , wherein the at least one relief valve is arranged within the screen isolator.
3. The sand control screen assembly of claim 2 , wherein a first production annulus is defined between the base pipe and the primary screen and a second production annulus is defined between the base pipe and the secondary screen, and the at least one relief valve provides fluid communication between the first and second production annuli.
4. The sand control screen assembly of claim 3 , further comprising:
first and second connector rings forming a mechanical interface between the base pipe and opposing ends of the screen jacket; and
a flow regulator arranged within the first connector ring and configured to regulate fluid flow to the one or more perforations in the base pipe from the first and second production annuli.
5. The sand control screen assembly of claim 1 , further comprising first and second connector rings forming a mechanical interface between the base pipe and opposing ends of the screen jacket, the second connector ring including a shroud extending axially from the second connector ring and the screen isolator extending radially from the shroud and engaging the base pipe, wherein the second connector ring, the shroud, and the screen isolator cooperatively define a production annulus in which the secondary screen is arranged.
6. The sand control screen assembly of claim 5 , wherein the at least one relief valve is arranged in the screen isolator.
7. The sand control screen assembly of claim 5 , wherein the at least one relief valve is arranged in the shroud.
8. A method for producing fluids from a formation, comprising:
introducing a base pipe into a wellbore adjacent the formation, the base pipe having a screen jacket disposed thereabout with a primary screen arranged axially adjacent to a secondary screen;
drawing a flow of fluids from the formation and into the base pipe via the primary screen;
preventing the flow of fluids from passing through both the secondary screen and the base pipe with at least one relief valve;
opening the at least one relief valve when a differential pressure between an interior of the base pipe and the formation reaches a predetermined pressure threshold; and
diverting the flow of fluids through the at least one relief valve and to the secondary screen and thereby bypassing the flow of fluids through the primary screen.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein drawing the flow of fluids from the formation and into the base pipe via the primary screen further comprises trapping particulates from the formation in the primary screen and thereby increasing the differential pressure.
10. The method of claim 8 , further comprising at least partially supporting the primary and secondary screens with a screen isolator disposed about the base pipe, wherein the at least one relief valve is arranged within the screen isolator.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein diverting the flow of fluids from the primary screen to the secondary screen further comprises providing fluid communication through the at least one relief valve from a second production annulus defined between the base pipe and the secondary screen and a first production annulus defined between the base pipe and the primary screen.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the base pipe further includes first and second connector rings forming a mechanical interface between the base pipe and opposing ends of the screen jacket, the method further comprising regulating the flow of fluids into the base pipe with a flow regulator arranged within the first connector ring.