Fusion formable lithium aluminosilicate glass ceramic
A down-drawable glass ceramic. The glass ceramic has a composition which yields a liquidus viscosity that enables formation of the parent glass by down-draw techniques such as fusion-draw and slot-draw methods. The resulting glass ceramic is white or translucent in appearance with high strength achieved through heat treatment of the fusion-formed glass.
1. A glass ceramic, the glass ceramic comprising:
from about 72 wt % to about 85 wt % SiO 2 , from about 7 wt % to about 11 wt % Al 2 O 3 , from about 4.3 wt % to about 6.5 wt % Li 2 O, and from about 4 wt % to about 9 wt % K 2 O;
a lithium silicate crystallized component and a lithium aluminum silicate crystallized component; and
a residual glass component, wherein the glass ceramic has a composition located within an area defined by a ternary eutectic of β-spodumene-lithium disilicate-tridymite in the SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 —Li 2 O system and a binary eutectic of orthoclase-tridymite in the SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 —K 2 O system, and wherein the ternary eutectic and binary eutectic occur at temperatures of less than about 1000° C.
2. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , further comprising up to 2.6 wt % Na 2 O.
3. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , further comprising up to about 5 wt % BaO.
4. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , further comprising up to about 3.0 wt % ZnO.
5. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , further comprising from about 0.1 wt % to about 5.0 wt % P 2 O 5 .
6. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , further comprising 0.0001 wt % to about 0.1 wt % of at least one noble metal.
7. The glass ceramic of claim 6 , wherein the at least one noble metal comprises silver, and wherein the glass ceramic further comprising at least one of 0.005 wt % to about 0.5 wt % CeO 2 , 0.005 wt % to about 0.5 wt % SnO 2 , and 0.005 wt % to about 0.5 wt % Sb 2 O 3 .
8. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the glass ceramic is formed from a glass having a liquidus viscosity of at least about 100 kpoise.
9. The glass ceramic of claim 8 , wherein the glass ceramic is formed from a glass having a liquidus viscosity of at least about 150 kpoise.
10. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the residual glass component comprises at least 20 wt % of the glass ceramic.
11. The glass ceramic of claim 10 , wherein the residual glass component has a quartzofeldspathic composition.
12. The glass ceramic of claim 1 , wherein the lithium aluminum silicate crystalline component has a beta spodumene crystal structure or a beta quartz crystal structure.
13. A method of making a glass ceramic, the method comprising:
a. down-drawing a glass, the glass comprising from about 72 wt % to about 85 wt % SiO 2 , from about 7 wt % to about 11 wt % Al 2 O 3 , from about 4.3 wt % to about 6.5 wt % Li 2 O, and from about 4 wt % to about 9 wt % K 2 O, wherein the glass has a liquidus viscosity of at least about 100 kP; and
b. heating the glass to form the glass ceramic, wherein forming the glass ceramic includes crystallizing a lithium silicate component and a lithium aluminosilicate component, and wherein the glass ceramic includes a residual glass component, the residual glass component comprising an alkali aluminosilicate glass that comprises at least one of sodium and potassium, wherein the glass ceramic has a composition located within an area defined by a ternary eutectic of β-spodumene-lithium disilicate-tridymite in the SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 —Li 2 O system and a binary eutectic of orthoclase-tridymite in the SiO 2 —Al 2 O 3 —K 2 O system, and wherein the ternary eutectic and binary eutectic occur at temperatures of less than about 1000° C.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the step of down-drawing the glass comprises slot-drawing the glass.
15. The method of claim 13 , wherein the step of down-drawing the glass comprises fusion-drawing the glass.
16. The method of claim 13 , further comprising ion exchanging the glass or the glass ceramic.
17. The method of claim 13 , wherein heating the glass to form the glass ceramic comprises heating the glass at a temperature in a range from about 600° C. to about 900° C.