Pinning and affixing nano-active material
A nanoparticle comprises a nano-active material and a nano-support. In some embodiments, the nano-active material is platinum and the nano-support is alumina. Pinning and affixing the nano-active material to the nano-support is achieved by using a high temperature condensation technology. In some embodiments, the high temperature condensation technology is plasma. Typically, a quantity of platinum and a quantity of alumina are loaded into a plasma gun. When the nano-active material bonds with the nano-support, an interface between the nano-active material and the nano-support forms. The interface is a platinum alumina metallic compound, which dramatically changes an ability for the nano-active material to move around on the surface of the nano-support, providing a better bond than that of a wet catalyst. Alternatively, a quantity of carbon is also loaded into the plasma gun. When the nano-active material bonds with the nano-support, the interface formed comprises a platinum copper intermetallic compound, which provides an even stronger bond.
1. A catalyst comprising:
a nano-support material, wherein the nano-support has a partially reduced surface; and
a nano-catalytic material bonded to the partially reduced surface of the nano-support,
wherein the catalyst is prepared by vaporizing a support material and a catalytic material in a plasma stream under reducing conditions and condensing the vaporized support material and catalytic material to form nano-catalytic material on the nano-support material, said nano-support material having a partially reduced surface,
wherein the partially reduced surface of the nano-support material limits the movement of the nano-catalytic material on the surface of the nano-support, and
wherein the vaporizing under reducing conditions and condensing results in a more metallic surface of the nano-support by reducing the nano-support material.
2. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the nano-support comprises alumina.
3. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the nano-catalytic material comprises platinum.
4. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the plasma stream comprises hydrogen gas.
5. The catalyst of claim 1 , wherein the vaporized support material and catalytic material are condensed in a highly turbulent quench chamber.
6. A catalyst comprising:
a nano-support, wherein the nano-supports have a partially reduced surface; and
a nano-catalytic copper intermetallic compound bonded to the partially reduced surfaces of the nano-support,
wherein the catalyst is prepared by vaporizing a support material, a catalytic material, and copper in a plasma stream under reducing conditions and condensing the vaporized support material, catalytic material, and copper to form nano-catalytic copper intermetallic material on the nano-support material, said nano-support material having a partially reduced surface,
wherein the partially reduced surface of the nano-support material limits the movement of the nano-catalytic material on the surface of the nano-support, and
wherein the vaporizing under reducing conditions and condensing results in a more metallic surface of the nano-support by reducing the nano-support material.
7. The catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the nano-support comprises alumina.
8. The catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the nano-catalytic copper intermetallic material comprises platinum and copper.
9. The catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the plasma stream comprises hydrogen gas.
10. The catalyst of claim 6 , wherein the vaporized support material, catalytic material, and copper are condensed in a highly turbulent quench chamber.