Methods for purifying 5-(halomethyl)furfural
The present disclosure provides methods for purifying a 5-(halomethyl)furfural composition, including 5-(chloromethyl)furfural, at operating conditions that decrease or minimize the decomposition or degradation of 5-(chloromethyl)furfural during the process. The methods may employ certain solvents, operating conditions, and/or techniques (e.g., gas stripping). The gaseous 5-(halomethyl)furfural produced from the process can be condensed or deposited to yield 5-(halomethyl)furfural in liquid or solid form. The solid 5-(halomethyl)furfural may be amorphous or crystalline.
1. A method for purifying 5-(halomethyl)furfural, comprising:
a) providing a 5-(halomethyl)furfural composition to a purification apparatus, wherein the 5-(halomethyl)furfural composition comprises 5-(halomethyl)furfural and one or more impurities, and wherein the 5-(halomethyl)furfural composition has a mass ratio of the one or more impurities to the 5-(halomethyl)furfural;
b) providing a solvent to the purification apparatus, wherein the solvent has a boiling point at or above the boiling point of the 5-(halomethyl)furfural;
c) contacting the 5-(halomethyl)furfural composition and the solvent to form a mixture; and
d) boiling the mixture to produce a gaseous 5-(halomethyl)furfural, wherein the gaseous 5-(halomethyl)furfural has a mass ratio of the one or more impurities to the 5-(halomethyl)furfural that is lower than the mass ratio for the 5-(halomethyl)furfural composition.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises one or more alkyl phenyl solvents, one or more heavy alkane solvents, one or more ester solvents, one or more aromatic solvents, one or more silicone oils, or any combinations or mixtures thereof.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the solvent comprises one or more linear alkyl benzenes.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the solvent comprises dodecylbenzene, pentylbenzene, hexylbenzene, sulfolane, hexadecane, heptadecane, octadecane, icosane, heneicosane, docosane, tricosane, tetracosane, or any combinations or mixtures thereof.
5. The method of claim 1 , further comprising condensing the gaseous 5-(halomethyl)furfural to obtain purified 5-(halomethyl)furfural in liquid form.
6. The method of claim 1 , further comprising depositing the gaseous 5-(halomethyl)furfural to obtain purified 5-(halomethyl)furfural in solid form.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the 5-(halomethyl)furfural is 5-(chloromethyl)furfural.
8. The method of claim 1 , further comprising:
i) providing a stripping agent to the purification apparatus, wherein the stripping agent has a vapor pressure at or above the vapor pressure of 5-(halomethyl)furfural; and
ii) vaporizing the 5-(halomethyl)furfural in the mixture by contacting the stripping agent with the mixture to form a second gaseous 5-(halomethyl)furfural, wherein the second gaseous 5-(halomethyl)furfural has a mass ratio of the one or more impurities to the 5-(halomethyl)furfural that is lower than the mass ratio for the 5-(halomethyl)furfural composition.