Particles for electrophoretic displays
This invention relates to colored particles comprising core particles and a polymeric shell, a process for their preparation, electrophoretic fluids comprising such particles, and electrophoretic display devices comprising such fluids.
1. Particles consisting of at least two pigment core particles of different optical properties encapsulated by a polymeric shell consisting of monomer units of at least one polymerisable steric stabiliser, at least one co-monomer, optionally at least one charged co-monomer, and optionally at least one crosslinking co-monomer, wherein the particles are electrophoretic particles.
2. The particles according to claim 1 , wherein the particles comprise at least one inorganic pigment core particle of high refractive index and white reflectivity in combination with at least one inorganic or organic coloured pigment particle.
3. The particles according to claim 1 , wherein the pigment core particles comprise titanium dioxide in the rutile, anatase, or amorphous modification.
4. The particles according to claim 1 , wherein the pigment core particles comprise at least one coloured reflective or black pigment.
5. The particles according to claim 1 , wherein the pigment core particles comprise at least one coloured reflective or black pigment and titanium dioxide in the rutile, anatase, or amorphous modification.
6. The particles according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerisable steric stabiliser is a poly(dimethylsiloxane) macromonomer with at least one polymerisable group and a molecular weight in the range of 1000-50000.
7. The particles according to claim 1 , wherein the polymerisable steric stabiliser is a methacryloyloxypropyl terminated polydimethylsiloxane.
8. The particles according to claim 1 , wherein the percentage of polymerisable steric stabiliser is at least 5% by weight based on the weight of the polymer particle.
9. The particles polymer particles according to claim 4 , wherein the coloured polymer particles have a diameter of 400-1000 nm.
10. A process for the preparation of particles according to claim 1 comprising
a) dispersing at least two pigment particle of different optical properties in a solution of at least one polymerisable steric stabiliser in a non-polar organic solvent;
b) adding, at least one co-monomer, at least one initiator, and optionally at least one chain transfer agent;
c) subjecting the dispersion of step b) to heating and sonication for polymerisation,
d) optionally washing by repeated centrifugation and redispersion in fresh solvent, and
e) optionally isolating the resulting coated particles.
11. A method comprising utilizing the particles according to claim 1 in optical, electrooptical, electronic, electrochemical, electrophotographic, electrowetting and electrophoretic displays and/or devices, and in security, cosmetic, decorative, and diagnostic applications.
12. A method comprising utilizing the particles prepared by a process according to claim 9 in optical, electrooptical, electronic, electrochemical, electrophotographic, electrowetting and electrophoretic displays and/or devices, and in security, cosmetic, decorative, and diagnostic applications.
13. An electrophoretic fluid comprising particles according to claim 1 .
14. An electrophoretic fluid comprising particles prepared by the process according to claim 9 .
15. An electrophoretic display device comprising an electrophoretic fluid according to claim 12 .
16. The electrophoretic display device according to claim 14 , wherein the electrophoretic fluid is applied by a technique selected from inkjet printing, slot die spraying, nozzle spraying, and flexographic printing, or any other contact or contactless printing or deposition technique.