Tensioner with multiple spring rates
In a first aspect, a tensioner is provided which includes: an arm, including a pivot mount; a pulley rotatably mounted to the arm; and a strut pivotally connected to the arm. The strut includes: a base, having a pivot mount; a first body moveable relative to the base; a first resilient element connected between the base and the first body, the first resilient element having a first stiffness coefficient; a second body moveable relative to the first body, the second body having a pivot mount; a second resilient element connected between the first body and the second body, the second resilient element having a second stiffness coefficient that is lower than the first stiffness coefficient; and an actuator, connected to the base and first body, for selectively moving the first body towards the base and compressing the first resilient element.
1. A tensioner for maintaining tension in an endless drive member, comprising:
an arm movably mountable to a stationary structure;
a pulley rotatably mounted to the arm and which is engageable with the endless drive member; and
a strut connected to the arm, the strut including:
a base that is mountable to the stationary structure;
a first body moveable relative to the base;
a first resilient element connected between the base and the first body, the first resilient element having a first stiffness coefficient;
a second body moveable relative to the first body, the second body being connected to the arm;
a second resilient element connected between the first body and the second body, the second resilient element having a second stiffness coefficient that is different than the first stiffness coefficient; and
an actuator, positionable in a first state in which the actuator fixes the position of the first body relative to the base, and a second state in which the actuator permits movement of the first body relative to the base by the first resilient element,
wherein the second resilient element has a second stiffness coefficient that is lower than the first stiffness coefficient.
2. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein in the first state the actuator deforms the first resilient element to a condition in which the first resilient element is solid.
3. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein when the actuator is in the first state the strut has a stiffness coefficient that is the second stiffness coefficient.
4. A tensioner as claimed in claim 3 , wherein when the actuator is in the second state the stiffness coefficient of the strut is the first stiffness coefficient.
5. A tensioner as claimed in claim 4 , wherein the first stiffness coefficient is sufficiently higher than the second stiffness coefficient that when the actuator is in the second state, the first resilient member deforms the second resilient member to a condition in which the second resilient member is solid.
6. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the tensioner is mounted to an engine by one of: (a) pivotally mounting the arm to the engine, pivotally mounting the base to the engine and pivotally mounting the second body to the arm; and (b) pivotally mounting the arm to the engine, pivotally mounting the second body to the engine and pivotally mounting the base to the arm.
7. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second resilient members is a compound spring that includes a first spring member and a second spring member that act independently on the first body.
8. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein at least one of the first and second resilient members is a compound spring that includes a first spring member and a second spring member that act in series on the first body.
9. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a bumper positioned to engage the first body in the event that the endless drive member applies a force on the pulley that overcomes the first resilient member.
10. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , further comprising a damping member that is positioned to engage a friction surface during movement of the arm to dampen movement of the arm.
11. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the actuator is a compound actuator that includes a first actuation structure and a second actuation structure.
12. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the actuator is operatively connectable to the first body via a cable.
13. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the arm has an arm pivot connector for pivotally mounting the arm to the stationary structure, and the second body is pivotally connected to the arm, and wherein the base has a pivot mount configured for pivotally mounting the base to the stationary structure.
14. A tensioner as claimed in claim 1 , wherein the actuator is a first actuator, and wherein the tensioner further comprises:
a third body moveable relative to the second body, the third body being connectable to the arm, and wherein the second body is connectable to the arm through the third body;
a third resilient element connected between the second body and the third body, the third resilient element having a third stiffness coefficient that is lower than the second stiffness coefficient; and
a second actuator, positionable in a first state in which the second actuator fixes the position of the second body relative to the first body, and a second state in which the second actuator permits movement of the second body relative to the first body by the second resilient member.