Method and system for tank refilling using active fueling speed control
In one or more embodiments, a system and method for filling a compress gas tank or fuel tank is provided, including determining a fill time (t final ) predicted to produce a gas final temperature (T final ) based on one or more coefficients selected from a lookup table, mass average dispenser gas temperature for control (MATC), and alpha, determining a pressure ramp rate (RR), delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a control pressure based on the pressure RR during a first portion of filling the compressed gas tank, determining a mass average enthalpy (MAE) and density, and delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a target ending fueling pressure based on the density and the gas final temperature during a second portion of filling the compressed gas tank.
1. A method of filling a compressed gas tank, comprising:
determining a fill time (t final ) predicted to produce a gas final temperature (T final ) based on one or more coefficients selected from a lookup table, mass average dispenser gas temperature for control (MATC), and alpha;
determining a pressure ramp rate (RR);
delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a control pressure based on the pressure ramp rate (RR) during a first portion of filling the compressed gas tank;
determining a mass average enthalpy (MAE) and density; and
delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a target ending fueling pressure based on the density and the gas final temperature during a second portion of filling the compressed gas tank.
2. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , comprising:
measuring an ambient temperature (T amb ) and an initial pressure in the gas tank (P init ); and
setting an expected end of fill mass average dispenser gas temperature (MAT expected ).
3. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 2 , wherein one or more of the coefficients are selected from the lookup table based on the ambient temperature (T amb ) and the initial pressure in the gas tank (P init ).
4. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 2 , wherein one or more of the coefficients are selected from the lookup table using T amb(above) and T amb(below) values which are directly above and below a corresponding T amb value in the lookup table.
5. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 4 , wherein t final is calculated by interpolating between different t final values calculated using T amb(above) and T amb(below) .
6. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , wherein the lookup table is selected based on a tank category for the compressed gas tank.
7. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , wherein MATC is calculated based on a time interval, an expected end of fill mass average dispenser gas temperature (MAT expected ), mass average temperature measured from t=0 (MAT M0 ), mass average temperature measured from t=30 (MAT M30 ), or a weighted average of MAT M30 and MAT M0 .
8. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , wherein the mass average enthalpy (MAE) is calculated as a function of pressure and temperature at a dispenser filling the compressed gas tank.
9. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , wherein the density is calculated based on the mass average enthalpy (MAE).
10. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , comprising a process check, including monitoring for one or more stop conditions.
11. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 10 , wherein one or more of the stop conditions is based on pressure at the dispenser or temperature at the dispenser.
12. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , comprising determining a second fill time (t final ) based on one or more coefficients selected from a second lookup table, wherein
the lookup table associated with the fill time corresponds to a first tank category, and
the second lookup table associated with the second fill time corresponds to a second tank category.
13. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 12 , comprising selecting the larger of the fill time and the second fill time as the fill time (t final ).
14. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , wherein the pressure ramp rate (RR) is determined based on the fill time (t final ).
15. The method of filling the compressed gas tank of claim 1 , wherein the pressure ramp rate (RR) is determined based on the equation:
RR
(
i
)
=
P
final
-
P
control
(
i
)
t
final
(
i
)
*
(
P
final
-
P
initial
P
final
-
P
min
)
-
t
(
i
)
.
16. A system for filling a compressed gas tank, comprising:
a controller for:
determining a fill time (t final ) predicted to produce a gas final temperature (T final ) based on one or more coefficients selected from a lookup table of one or more lookup tables, mass average dispenser gas temperature for control (MATC), and alpha;
determining a pressure ramp rate (RR); and
determining a mass average enthalpy (MAE) and density; and
a dispenser having a flow regulator for:
delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a control pressure based on the pressure ramp rate (RR) during a first portion of filling the compressed gas tank; and
delivering gas to the compressed gas tank at a target ending fueling pressure based on the density and the gas final temperature during a second portion of filling the compressed gas tank.
17. The system of claim 16 , comprising:
an ambient temperature sensor for measuring an ambient temperature (T amb ); and
a pressure sensor for measuring a pressure in the gas tank (P init ).
18. The system of claim 16 , comprising a database component having one or more of the lookup tables, each table comprising one or more of the coefficients, wherein respective lookup tables are indicative of one or more tank categories associated with one or more conditions.
19. The system of claim 16 , comprising a mass flow meter for measuring a flow rate of the delivered gas.