Conductive polymer composite and preparation and use thereof
The invention pertains to a conductive polymer composite comprising: (a) a conductive polymer and (b) a polyanion, wherein the conductive polymer comprises polymerized units derived from a monomer of formula (I): wherein: A is a C1-C4 alkylene group substituted with (R) p ; X is O or S; R is H, an unsubstituted or substituted C 1 -C 20 alkyl or alkoxy, or an unsubstituted or substituted C 6 -C 20 aryl; and p is 0, 1, or 2, and the conductive polymer has a weight average molecular weight ranging from 3,000 to 30,000. A process for preparing the conductive polymer composite is also provided.
1. A process for preparing a conductive polymer composite, comprising the steps of:
(a) mixing a monomer of formula (I):
and
optionally a monomer of formula (II):
with a polyanion,
wherein:
A is a C 1-4 alkylene substituted by (R) p , where R is independently H, unsubstituted or substituted C 1-20 alkyl or alkoxy, or unsubstituted or substituted C 6-20 aryl, and p is 0, 1 or 2,
X is O or S,
B1 is O, S or N,
B2 is N or C,
R1, R2 and R3 each independently represent H, unsubstituted or substituted C 1-20 alkyl or alkoxy, or unsubstituted or substituted C 6-20 aryl, and
q and w each independently represent an integer of 0 or 1;
(b) subjecting the mixture obtained from step (a) to a first ultrasonic agitation to form micelles;
(c) adding an oxidant so that the monomers can undergo oxidation polymerization on the polyanion which serves as a template so as to form a composite with the polyanion; and
(d) subjecting the composite with the polyanion formed in step (c) to a second ultrasonic agitation to form the conductive polymer composite with a weight average molecular weight ranging from 3,000 to 30,000.
2. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the frequencies of the first ultrasonic agitation and the second ultrasonic agitation range from about 10 kHz to about 50 kHz.
3. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidant is iron p-toluenesulfonate or hydrogen peroxide.
4. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidant is used in an amount of about 5 parts by weight to about 3000 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amounts of the monomers used.
5. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the oxidation polymerization is conducted at a temperature ranging from 20° C. to 80° C.
6. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the second ultrasonic agitation reduces a particle size of the composite formed in step (c) such that the conductive polymer composite has a particle size of less than 500 nm.
7. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the second ultrasonic agitation reduces a particle size of the composite formed in step (c) such that the conductive polymer composite has a particle size in a range of about 10 nm to 400 nm.
8. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the second ultrasonic agitation reduces a particle size of the composite formed in step (c) such that the conductive polymer composite has a particle size in a range of about 30 nm to 300 nm.
9. The process according to claim 1 , wherein the second ultrasonic agitation reduces a particle size of the composite formed in step (c) such that the conductive polymer composite has a particle size in a range of about 50 nm to 200 nm.