Isotopically modified compounds and their use as food supplements
A nutrient composition comprises an essential nutrient in which at least one exchangeable H atom is 2 H and/or at least one C atom is 13 C. The nutrient is thus protected from, inter alia, active oxygen species.
1. A method for treating an individual to reduce lipid oxidation, comprising:
providing the individual a composition comprising a lipid, wherein the lipid has been isotopically modified at one or more positions in a manner that stabilizes the lipid against oxidation, and wherein the concentration of the isotopically modified lipid is above the naturally-occurring abundance level of the isotopically modified lipid in the composition; and
regularly administering to the individual an amount of the composition such that the isotopically modified lipid or a metabolite thereof is incorporated into the individual's body following administration; and such amount is effective to significantly reduce the extent of lipid oxidation in the individual.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is a fatty acid or fat.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the amount of the composition administered is sufficient to significantly reduce lipid oxidation mediated by free radicals, reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, or radiation in the subject.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein the amount of the composition administered is sufficient to significantly reduce lipid oxidation mediated by free radicals.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid resists degradation initiated by enzymes of the P450 pathway.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is a fatty acid or fat that is an essential food component.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is isotopically modified with deuterium at one or more hydrogen position.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein the lipid is isotopically modified at least at one bis-allylic position.
9. The method of claim 7 , wherein the deuterium replaces a hydrogen at an oxidation-sensitive site of the fatty acid or fat or at a site that becomes oxygen sensitive upon enzymatic desaturation or elongation.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein the lipid is 11-D-linoleic acid or 11,11-D 2 -linoleic acid.
11. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is a ω-3 fatty acid or fat.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is a ω-6 fatty acid or fat.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition further comprises an amount of the lipid that is unmodified with isotopes.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the amount of the isotopically modified lipid in the composition is greater than the amount of the unmodified lipid.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is a polyunsaturated substance.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is a carboxylic acid.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is isotopically modified with C 13 at one or more carbon position.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is suitable for human consumption.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is suitable for intravenous delivery.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is in a liquid form.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition is a food supplement, a foodstuff, a tablet, a solid medicament, or an injectable liquid.
22. The method of claim 1 , wherein the lipid is at least 0.1% of the composition.