Method and apparatus for transdermal stimulation over the palmar and plantar surfaces
Various methods and devices for providing transdermal electrical stimulation therapy to a patient are provided. In certain variations, a method may include positioning a stimulator electrode over a glabrous skin surface overlying a target nerve of a subject. Electrical stimulation may be delivered through or across the glabrous skin surface to the target nerve to stimulate the target nerve, while remaining safe and tolerable to the patient. Electrical stimulation may be delivered at frequencies that may be painful or intolerable when applied over non-glabrous surfaces of the body. Various applicators or devices for providing transdermal electrical stimulation therapy are also provided.
1. A method for providing transdermal electrical stimulation therapy to a subject comprising:
positioning a stimulator electrode upon a glabrous skin surface overlying a palm of the subject;
delivering electrical stimulation transdermally via a pulse generator through the glabrous skin surface and to a target nerve or tissue within the hand to stimulate the target nerve or tissue within the hand so that pain felt by the subject is mitigated;
providing feedback signals based on nerve conduction velocity detection of the electrical stimulation via a sensor; and
adjusting or optimizing the electrical stimulation delivered through the glabrous skin surface and to the target nerve or tissue within the hand based on the nerve conduction velocity detection.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising detecting tetany in the subject as an indication that a threshold frequency of the delivered electrical stimulation has been reached.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising automatically or manually decreasing a strength of the electrical stimulation once tetany has been detected.
4. The method of claim 1 further comprising placing a foot of the subject on a platform having one or more microneedles.
5. The method of claim 1 further comprising coating the stimulator electrode with a pain relief drug prior to positioning the stimulator electrode over the glabrous skin surface.
6. The method of claim 1 further comprising implanting or injecting a conductive substance near the target nerve or tissue to improve electrical conductivity to the target nerve prior to delivering electrical stimulation.
7. The method of claim 1 further comprising positioning a ground electrode upon the subject prior to delivering electrical stimulation.
8. The method of claim 1 wherein positioning a stimulator electrode comprises positioning a surface electrode or microneedle electrode upon the glabrous skin surface.
9. The method of claim 1 wherein positioning a stimulator electrode comprises positioning the stimulator electrode over the glabrous skin surface with an ergonomic applicator.
10. The method of claim 9 wherein the ergonomic applicator comprises a glove or brace.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein delivering electrical stimulation comprises delivering one or more cycles of pulses at 5 Hz to 20 Hz.
12. The method of claim 1 wherein delivering electrical stimulation comprises delivering a cycle having a first preset number of pulses followed by a pause in electrical stimulation, followed by a second preset number of pulses, and repeating the cycle as necessary.
13. The method of claim 1 wherein delivering electrical stimulation comprises periodically pausing the electrical stimulation for a preset amount of time to overcome habituation.
14. The method of claim 1 wherein delivering electrical stimulation comprises delivering the electrical stimulation on an intermittent or chronic basis.