Apparatus and method for pelletizing wax and wax-like materials
An apparatus and method for the pelletization of waxes, wax-like and other materials having a sharp melt point include a vessel for forming the wax into a hot molten material. A heat exchanger then cools the molten wax to a temperature just above its melt temperature. The cooled liquid wax is fed to an extruder which further reduces the temperature and mixes the liquid wax into a thoroughly mixed extrudable solid wax. The solid wax is then extruded through die orifices of a die plate into a cutting chamber, and a rotary cutter cooperating with the die face of the die plate cuts the extruded solid wax strands into pellets. The die plate, cutting chamber and rotary cutter can have the same structure as an underwater pelletizer, but operating without water or liquid as a dry face pelletizer. The thus formed wax pellets drop out of the cutting chamber by gravity through an opening in the bottom thereof.
1. An apparatus for forming pellets from a wax or wax-like material having a sharp melt point that has been melted to a molten condition which comprises:
(a) a pelletizer with a die plate having die orifices and a die face;
(b) a first stage cooler including a heat transfer device to cool the molten wax or wax-like material to a temperature just above its melt temperature so that the wax or wax-like material remains liquid enough to have good unobstructed flow;
(c) a second stage cooler located downstream of said first stage cooler with respect to a direction of said flow so that said second stage cooler receives wax or wax-like material initially cooled by said first stage cooler, said second stage cooler including an extruder having cooling surfaces to further reduce the temperature of the wax or wax-like material received from the first stage cooler below its melt point and to concurrently mix and re-mix the wax or wax-like material into a thoroughly mixed extrudable solid material, said wax or wax-like material being exposed to said extruder cooling surfaces to form cooled layers that are moved away from said extruder cooling surfaces and interspersed with warmer layers of wax or wax-like material into a mixture and are then returned to the extruder cooling surfaces for more heat energy reduction while said mixture is in said second stage cooler, extrudable solid material from said second stage cooler being extruded through the die orifices of the pelletizer die plate; and
(d) a cutting chamber and a rotary cutter which cooperates with said die face to cut into pellets said thoroughly mixed extrudable solid material extruded through said die orifices in the absence of liquid.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said molten material is a wax or wax-like polymer or other wax-like material.
3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said die plate and said rotary cutter are part of a dry face pelletizer.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said cutting chamber has a bottom opening through which said pellets fall out by gravity.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , further comprising a conveyor to transport away said pellets exiting from said cutting chamber.
6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said heat transfer device is a heat exchanger, including plate and frame type, coil type, scrape-wall type, U-style tube type with or without static mixers, and shell and tube type with or without static mixers.
7. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said dry face pelletizer includes an inlet opening and an outlet opening, and is convertible to an underwater pelletizer with liquid.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 , further comprising an inert gas introduced into said inlet opening to purge and remove pellets from said cutting chamber and convey the pellets out through said outlet opening.
9. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein said heat transfer device and said extruder include heating elements to increase the temperature of the material therein.
10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the extruder is a screw-type extruder.
11. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein the screw-type extruder has two or more screws.
12. The apparatus of claim 10 , wherein said screw-type extruder is a co-rotating and inter-meshing twin or two screw extruder.
13. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein said heat exchanger is the shell and tube type with or without static mixers.