Implantable medical devices fabricated from polymers with radiopaque groups
Implantable medical devices comprising radiopaque star-block copolymers.
1. An implantable medical device comprising structural elements fabricated at least in part from a polymer blend comprising:
a biodegradable matrix polymer blended with biodegradable star-block copolymers, the star-block copolymers having at least three arms, wherein the arms include inner segments and outer segments, the inner segments being immiscible with the matrix polymer and forming a discrete phase within the matrix polymer, wherein the outer segments are miscible with the matrix polymer, wherein radiopaque functional groups are chemically bonded to the inner segments or the outer segments.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the implantable medical device is a stent.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the radiopaque functional groups are selected from the group consisting of iodine, triiodobenzoyl chloride and triidobenzoic acid.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the radiopaque functional groups are chemically bonded to one or more of the ends of the outer segments.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the radiopaque functional groups are chemically bonded along the backbone of the inner segments.
6. The device of claim 5 , wherein the radiopaque functional group is added by removal of a proton of a methylene group in an α-position of an ester carbonyl on the backbone.
7. The device of claim 1 , wherein the star-block copolymers are dispersed throughout the matrix polymer.
8. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inner segments are faster degrading than the outer segments.
9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the outer segments are of the same or similar chemical composition as the matrix polymer.
10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inner segments have a Tg below body temperature so that the discrete phase is elastic at physiological conditions, and wherein the outer segments and the matrix polymer have a Tg above body temperature so that the continuous phase is glassy at physiological conditions.
11. The device of claim 1 , wherein the matrix polymer and the outer segments comprise PLLA.
12. The device of claim 1 , wherein the inner segments comprise units selected from the group consisting of CL, TMC, and dioxanone.
13. The device of claim 1 , wherein 1 to 20 wt % of the polymer blend comprises the star-block copolymer.
14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the structural elements comprise a first layer comprising the polymer blend and a second layer comprising a majority of the star block copolymer including the radiopaque functional groups chemically bonded to the inner segments, the outer segments, or both.