Convertiplane (variants)
The claimed versions belong to tilt rotors nonexpendable aircrafts. In general, the convertiplane has a fuselage, a wing and engine groups. In one embodiment each engine group is designed in the form of at least one engine positioned with the possibility to turn, provided that the engines in groups are designed in view of the condition of thrust change relative to each other and/or groups and engine groups are positioned at the tip of corresponding wing at front fuselage and tail fuselage. In a second embodiment the wing is designed combined in the form of forward-swept wing and aft-swept wing, each engine group is designed in the form of at least one engine positioned with the possibility to turn, provided that the engines in groups are designed in view of the condition of thrust change relative to each other and/or groups and groups are positioned at the tip of corresponding wing. The claimed versions allow simplification and weight reduction of AC structure, increasing of its maneuvering ability at every flight stage, improvement of its aerodynamic quality such as stability and aerodynamic efficiency.
1. A convertiplane comprising:
a fuselage having a longitudinal axis;
a forward-swept fixed wing extending laterally outward from both sides of the fuselage to wing tips spaced from the fuselage and having a static shape with non-articulating leading edges and non-articulating trailing edges along the lengths thereof;
an aft-swept fixed wing extending laterally outward from both sides of the fuselage to wing tips spaced from the fuselage and having a static shape with non-articulating leading edges and non-articulating trailing edges along the lengths thereof; and
an engine group rotatably attached adjacent to each tip of the forward-swept wing and adjacent to each tip of the aft-swept wing for transitioning between vertical flight and forward level flight, each engine group including at least one engine configured to generate a variably controllable thrust along a thrust axis,
wherein each engine group is configured for independent rotation and independent changes in thrust relative to every other engine group to provide pitch, yaw, and roll control around the longitudinal axis of the fuselage without wing articulation during forward level flight.
2. A convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein the forward-swept wing is inclined downward relative to a horizontal plane of the fuselage and the aft-swept wing is inclined upward relative to the horizontal plane of the fuselage.
3. A convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein a wing span of the forward-swept wing differs from a wing span of the aft-swept wing.
4. A convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein the forward-swept wing and aft-swept wing are fixed to the fuselage in different horizontal planes.
5. A convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein the forward-swept wing and aft-swept wing are fixed to the fuselage are in the same horizontal plane.
6. A convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein each engine is rotatable around a uniaxial joint from a first position in which the thrust axis is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage and a second position in which the thrust axis is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the fuselage.
7. A convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein each engine group comprises a plurality of engines mounted on a common engine group axis and positioned symmetrically relative to each other, and wherein each engine group axis is configured to rotate around a uniaxial joint adjacent to a tip of a wing from a first position in which the thrust axes are perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage and a second position in which the thrust axes are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the fuselage.
8. A convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein each engine group comprises at least one propeller engine such that during takeoff or landing the propellers of the engines on the forward-swept wing are positioned higher than the forward-swept wing, and the propellers of the engines on the aft-swept wings are positioned lower than the aft-swept wing, and during level flight the engines on the forward-swept wing comprise tractor-propeller engines and engines on the aft-swept wing comprise pusher-propeller engines.
9. The convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein the convertiplane is without a vertical stabilizer.
10. The convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein the thrust axes of the engines attached adjacent to each tip of the forward-swept wing are aligned at an upwardly directed angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage during forward level flight, and the thrust axes of the engines attached adjacent to each tip of the aft-swept wing are aligned substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the fuselage during forward level flight.
11. The convertiplane according to claim 1 , wherein each engine is configured to generate a variably controllable thrust independently of every other engine.