Systems and methods for eliciting cutaneous sensations by electromagnetic radiation
The present disclosure provides various systems and methods for inducing cutaneous sensations by delivering electromagnetic radiation to directly or indirectly excite neural tissue. An electromagnetic radiation source, such as one or more infrared lasers, may be used to transcutaneously excite neural tissue. The excited neural tissue may be interpreted by the user's nervous system as cutaneous sensations. Accordingly, a system as described herein may be used to induce sensations to allow actual cutaneous sensations to be simulated. A system for inducing a cutaneous sensation via transcutaneously focused electromagnetic radiation may be incorporated in a display to provide cutaneous sensation feedback or used as a separate accessory component associated with a display. Numerous additional applications and variations are provided herein.
1. A system configured to induce a cutaneous sensation in a user of an electronic device based upon a tactile application executable on the electronic device, the system comprising:
a stimulation system configured to generate an output operable to excite cutaneous neural tissue, the output comprising one of infrared electromagnetic radiation and visible electromagnetic radiation;
an interface component configured to direct the output of the stimulation system onto a target area of skin of the user while the target area is physically separated from the interface component;
a display component distinct from the interface component, the display component configured to display a representation of an object;
a thermal feedback system configured to measure a temperature associated with the target area; and
a controller configured to generate a control signal to cause the stimulation system to modify one or more characteristics of the output of the stimulation system in order to induce a cutaneous sensation based upon a tactile application executable on the electronic device and corresponding to the object on the display;
wherein the controller is configured to dynamically control the stimulation system to maintain the temperature below a threshold temperature based on one of a computer simulation of the temperature and empirical data collected from human or phantom tissue testing.
2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic device comprises a computer and the interface component comprises a mouse.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein the mouse comprises a control surface, and the target area comprises a finger pad of a user that interacts with the control surface.
4. The system of claim 2 , wherein the control surface comprises one of a button, a touch pad, and a track pad.
5. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic device comprises a computer and the interface component comprises a keyboard.
6. The system of claim 1 , wherein the electronic device comprises one of a telepresence medicine device, a gaming device, a tablet computer device, a telephone device, an electronic Braille display device, an industrial control station, entertainment system, and an electronic surgical control device.
7. The system of claim 1 , wherein the stimulation system comprises a laser emission system.
8. A method for inducing a cutaneous sensation in a user of an electronic device, the method comprising:
executing a tactile application on an electronic device;
generating, using a stimulation system associated with the electronic device, an output operable to excite neural tissue, the output comprising one of infrared electromagnetic radiation and visible electromagnetic radiation;
directing the output of the stimulation system onto a target area of skin of a user using an interface component while the target area is physically separated from the interface component;
displaying an object on a display component;
measuring a temperature associated with the target area; and
generating a control signal to cause the stimulation system to modify one or more characteristics of the output of the stimulation system in order to induce a cutaneous sensation based upon the tactile application executing on the electronic device;
wherein the sensation corresponds to the object displayed on the display component and the controller is configured to dynamically control the stimulation system to maintain the temperature below a threshold temperature based on one of a computer simulation of the temperature and empirical data collected from human or phantom tissue testing.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the electronic device comprises one of a telepresence medicine device, a gaming device, a tablet computer device, a telephone device, an electronic Braille display device, an industrial control station, and an electronic surgical control device.
10. The system of claim 1 , wherein the output of the stimulation system comprises one of infrared electromagnetic radiation and visible electromagnetic radiation.
11. A system configured to induce a cutaneous sensation in a user of an electronic device based upon a tactile application executable on the electronic device, the system comprising:
a laser stimulation system configured to generate an output operable to excite cutaneous neural tissue;
an interface component configured to direct the output of the stimulation system onto a target area of skin of the user while the target area is physically separated from the interface component;
a controller configured to generate a control signal to cause the stimulation system to modify one or more characteristics of the output of the stimulation system in order to induce the cutaneous sensation based upon the tactile application executable on the electronic device and corresponding to the object on the display;
a thermal feedback system configured to measure a temperature associated with the target area; and
wherein the controller is configured to dynamically control the stimulation system to maintain the temperature below a threshold temperature based on one of a computer simulation of the temperature and empirical data collected from human or phantom tissue testing.