HTL reactor geometry
The present disclosure is directed to the upgrading of heavy hydrocarbon feedstock. The systems of the present disclosure provides for improved reactor geometries to create more efficient processing and upgrading of the feedstocks. The reactor geometry may be varied by the addition of periodic bumps on the reactor walls and/or by the tapering of the diameter of the upflow reactor.
1. A fast pyrolysis apparatus for upgrading a heavy hydrocarbon feedstock, said apparatus comprising:
a feed system;
an upflow pyrolysis reactor comprising an upstream feed injection zone and a downstream conversion zone, wherein the conversion zone is continuously tapered such that the diameter at the top of the conversion zone is 60 to 80% of the diameter at the bottom of the conversion zone;
a particulate heat carrier separation system;
a particulate heat carrier reheating system; and
a product collecting system.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the reactor further comprises a plurality of raised bumps along the interior wall of the reactor in a mixing zone located above a feedstock injection nozzle.
3. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein each raised bump is formed by a circumferential ring on an interior wall of the reactor.
4. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the raised bumps are disposed every 4 to 8 feet of elevation of the reactor.
5. The apparatus of claim 4 , wherein the raised bumps are disposed approximately every 6 feet of elevation of the reactor.
6. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the raised bumps decrease the reactor diameter by 8 to 10 percent.
7. The apparatus of claim 2 , wherein the raised bumps are semi-circular in shape.