System and method for separating wide variations in methane and nitrogen
A system and method for removing nitrogen and producing a high pressure methane product stream from natural gas feed streams having wide variations in nitrogen and methane content are disclosed. Optional add-on systems may be incorporated into the nitrogen and methane separation to produce an NGL sales stream to reduce excess hydrocarbons in the nitrogen vent stream, or to recover helium. The system and method of the invention are particularly suitable for use with feed streams in excess of 50 MMSCFD and up to 300 MMSCFD and containing up to 100 ppm carbon dioxide. Typical power requirements for compressing the methane product stream to produce a suitably high pressure stream for sale are reduced according to the systems and methods of the invention.
1. A method for removing nitrogen and for producing a methane product stream, the method comprising the steps of:
providing a first feed stream comprising nitrogen and methane;
dividing the first feed stream into a second feed stream and a third feed stream in a first splitter;
feeding the second feed stream and third feed stream into a first fractionating column;
separating the second feed stream and the third feed stream in the first fractionating column into a first overhead stream and a first bottoms stream;
cooling the third feed stream upstream of the first fractionating column through heat exchange with the first bottoms stream in a first reboiler external to the first fractionating column;
feeding the first overhead stream into a second fractionating column comprising a condenser and a second reboiler;
separating the first overhead stream in the second fractionating column into a second overhead stream and a second bottoms stream;
cooling the first feed stream upstream of the first splitter and cooling the second feed stream upstream of the first fractionating column in a first heat exchanger through heat exchange with the first bottoms stream and the first overhead stream, whereby the first bottoms stream and the first overhead stream are heated in the first heat exchanger;
wherein the methane product stream comprises the first bottoms stream and second bottoms stream; and
wherein the second overhead stream is a nitrogen vent stream.
2. The method of claim 1 further comprising further comprising feeding the third feed stream into the first fractionating column at a first tray location below a second tray location for feeding the second feed stream into the first fractionating column.
3. The method of claim 2 further comprising dividing the first overhead stream into a fourth feed stream and a fifth feed stream in a second splitter upstream of the second fractionating column; and
feeding the fifth feed stream into the second fractionating column at a third tray below a fourth tray location for feeding the fourth feed stream into the second fractionating column.
4. The method of claim 3 further comprising cooling the first overhead stream upstream of the second splitter and cooling the fourth feed stream upstream of the second fractionating column in a second heat exchanger through heat exchange with the second overhead stream and second bottoms stream.
5. The method of claim 4 further comprising dividing the first bottoms stream into a first part and a second part prior to the cooling step in the first heat exchanger; and pumping the second part to increase a pressure of the second part.
6. The method of claim 5 further comprising dividing the second bottoms stream into at least a first portion and a refrigerant stream and passing the refrigerant stream through the condenser prior to the cooling step in the second heat exchanger.
7. The system of claim 6 further comprising passing the refrigerant stream through a subcooler prior to and after passing through the condenser.