Electronic smoking article
An electronic smoking article includes a liquid supply region including liquid material and a heater-wick element operable to wick liquid material and heat the liquid material to a temperature sufficient to vaporize the liquid material and form an aerosol. The heater-wick element is formed of a carbon or graphite foam.
1. An electronic vaping device comprising:
a supply region configured to store a liquid material; and
an integral heater-wick element in fluidic communication with the supply region, the integral heater-wick element including a heating portion and at least one wicking portion, the integral heater-wick element formed of a foamed carbon, the foamed carbon having impurities of less than about 100 ppm and a heat capacity of about 0.5 to 1.0 J/g-K,
the at least one wicking portion extending into the supply region,
the integral heater-wick element configured to transfer the liquid material from the supply region, through the at least one wicking portion, and to the heating portion via pores in the foamed carbon.
2. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the integral heater-wick element has a ribbon-shape or a rod shape, and the integral heater-wick element has a length ranging from about 10 mm to about 15 mm and a width ranging from about 0.5 mm to about 2.0 mm.
3. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , further comprising:
two electrical leads connected to the integral heater-wick element, the heating portion being between the two electrical leads.
4. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a central air channel, the heating portion being positioned within the central air channel.
5. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , further comprising:
an outer tube extending in a longitudinal direction; and
an inner tube within the outer tube, the outer tube and the inner tube defining an annulus therebetween, the supply region being in the annulus, the inner tube defining a central air passage and a pair of opposing slots through which the integral heater-wick element extends,
the heating portion of the integral heater-wick element extending across the central air passage.
6. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the integral heater-wick element is in a form of a rod, a spiral, a block, a cylinder, or a ribbon.
7. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the integral heater-wick element is rigid.
8. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the integral heater-wick element is U-shaped.
9. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein
the integral heater-wick element is substantially uniform in cross-section along a length of the heating portion.
10. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the integral heater-wick element varies in cross-section along a length thereof.
11. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the foamed carbon has impurities of less than about 10 ppm.
12. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the foamed carbon is resistant to oxidation up to at least about 400° C. in an oxygen atmosphere.
13. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the foamed carbon has a density of about 0.1 to about 1.0 g/cc.
14. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the foamed carbon has an open porosity of at least about 95% and a total porosity of at least about 75%.
15. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the foamed carbon is a graphite foam or a carbon foam.
16. A method of producing a vapor in an electronic vaping device, comprising:
transferring a liquid material from a supply region to a channel using an integral heater-wick element, the integral heater-wick element including a heating portion and at least one wicking portion, the integral heater-wick element formed of a foamed carbon, the foamed carbon having impurities of less than about 100 ppm and a heat capacity of about 0.5 to 1.0 J/g-K, the least one wicking portion extending into the liquid supply region, the heating portion being outside of the supply region and in the channel; and
directing an electrical current through the heating portion of the integral heater-wick foam element to volatize the liquid material.
17. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , further comprising:
control circuitry connected to the integral heater-wick element, the control circuitry including a puff sensor and is configured to initiate an application of a voltage to the integral heater-wick element when the puff sensor detects a pressure drop or in response to a manually operable switch.
18. The electronic vaping device of claim 5 , wherein the integral heater-wick element includes two wicking portions at opposite ends of the integral heater-wick element, the two wicking portions extend into the liquid supply region, and the heating portion extends in a direction that crosses the longitudinal direction.
19. The method of claim 16 , wherein the directing includes using control circuitry to control an application of a voltage to the integral heater-wick element when a puff sensor in the control circuitry detects a pressure drop or in response to a manually operable switch.
20. The electronic vaping device of claim 1 , wherein the foamed carbon has an electrical resistance ranging from about 0.3 to about 10 ohms.