Dendritic macroporous hydrogels prepared by crystal templating
The present invention includes a hydrogel and a method of making a porous hydrogel by preparing an aqueous mixture of an uncrosslinked polymer and a crystallizable molecule; casting the mixture into a vessel; allowing the cast mixture to dry to form an amorphous hydrogel film; seeding the cast mixture with a seed crystal of the crystallizable molecule; growing the crystallizable molecule into a crystal structure within the uncrosslinked polymer; crosslinking the polymer around the crystal structure under conditions in which the crystal structure within the crosslinked polymer is maintained; and dissolving the crystals within the crosslinked polymer to form the porous hydrogel.
1. A hydrogel film comprising:
first and second opposing ends;
chitosan;
urea; and
at least one crystal;
wherein the at least one crystal is (a) dendritically branched, (b) at least 1 micron in diameter, and (c) comprises the urea.
2. The hydrogel film of claim 1 , wherein the hydrogel film has top and bottom surfaces connecting the first and second ends, and the at least one crystal is distributed from the top surface to the bottom surface and from the first end to the second end.
3. The hydrogel film of claim 1 , wherein:
the at least one crystal forms a continuous crystal network, connecting the first and second ends, including first and second crystal portions; and
the hydrogel film further comprises a compressed fiber, including a ridge, compressed between the first and second crystal portions.
4. The hydrogel film of claim 3 , wherein the compressed fiber is included in a plurality of compressed fibers formed among alternating valleys and ridges.
5. The hydrogel film of claim 1 , wherein the at least one crystal forms a continuous crystal network.