Indane and/or tetralin ester plasticizers, and blends therefrom
Plasticizers of indane and or tetralin esters and blends thereof with thermoplastic polymers, such as PVC, are disclosed.
1. A composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a first plasticizer of the formula:
where n is 1 or 2, R is C1 to C20 linear, cyclic or branched alkyl, and each R* is, independently, H or C1 to C20 linear, cyclic or branched alkyl, where any adjacent R* can form ring structures.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the first plasticizer is represented by the formula:
wherein n is 1 or 2, and R is C 1 to C 20 linear, cyclic or branched alkyl.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R is C 1 to C 14 alkyl.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is C 1 to C 14 alkyl, and n is 2.
5. The composition of claim 1 , wherein R 1 is C 1 to C 14 alkyl, and n is 1.
6. The composition of claim 1 , where the first plasticizer is one or more of:
1H-Indene-2-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro-isononyl ester;
1H-Indene-2-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro-2-methyl-isononyl ester;
1H-Indene-1-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro-1-methyl-isononyl ester;
1H-Indene-1-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro-isononyl ester;
1-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1-methyl-isononyl ester;
1-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isononyl ester;
2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-2-methyl-isononyl ester;
2-Naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-isononyl ester;
1-H-Indene-2-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro, n-pentyl ester;
1-H-Indene-2-carboxylic acid, 2,3-dihydro, n-decyl ester; an isomer thereof, or mixtures thereof.
7. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising a second plasticizer selected from the group consisting of: alkyl terephthalate, alkyl phthalate, alkyl benzoate ester, di-benzoate ester, ester of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acid, dialkyl adipate, compound(s) of the formula:
wherein R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R 2 is a C 4 to C 20 hydrocarbyl; or a mixture thereof.
8. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the second plasticizer comprises at least two compounds from the group consisting of alkyl terephthalates, alkyl phthalates, alkyl benzoate esters, di-benzoate esters, esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids, and dialkyl adipates.
9. The composition of claim 7 , wherein the second plasticizer comprises C4 to C12 alkyl terephthalates, C4 to C40 alkyl phthalates, C4 to C40 alkyl isophthalates, C7 to C13 alkyl benzoate esters, C4 to C13 dialkyl adipates, or combinations thereof.
10. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the second plasticizer comprises a compound of the formula:
wherein R 1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and/or an OXO-ester, and R 2 is a C 4 to C 20 hydrocarbyl.
11. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is selected from the group consisting of vinyl chloride resins, polyesters, polyurethanes, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, rubbers, poly(meth)acrylics and combinations thereof.
12. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is polyvinyl chloride.
13. The composition claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is present at 99 to 40 wt % and the plasticizers are present at 1 to 60 wt %.
14. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer is a PVC suspension, a PVC microsuspension, a PVC emulsion, or a combination thereof.
15. The composition of claim 1 , further comprising: an additive selected from the group consisting of a filler, a pigment, a matting agent, a heat stabilizer, an antioxidant, a UV stabilizer, a flame retardant, a viscosity regulator, a solvent, a deaerating agent, an adhesion promoter, a process aid, and a lubricant.
16. A floor covering, wallpaper, tarpaulin, coated textile, or wall covering comprising the composition of claim 1 .
17. A film comprising the composition of claim 1 , wherein the film is a roofing sheet, a tarpaulin, a banner, synthetic leather, packaging film, a medical article, a toy, a seal, or an automobile interior article.
18. Tubing, wire insulation, or cable insulation comprising the composition of claim 1 .