Perfluoroalkyl functionalized polyacrylamide for alcohol resistant-aqueous film-forming foam (AR-AFFF) formulation
New high molecular weight fluoropolymers (fluoropolymer surfactants) are provided that are useful in compositions for use as fire extinguishing concentrates. The fluoropolymers contain C 4 -C 6 perfluoroalkyl groups, and substantially lack perfluoroalkyl groups containing more than 6 fluorine-substituted carbon atoms.
1. An aqueous firefighting composition concentrate comprising an effective amount of a fluoropolymer having the formula I
wherein:
R f is a C 4 -C 6 perfluoroalkyl group;
A is a bivalent linker moiety;
R ct is a chain transfer agent;
R 1 is H or methyl;
R 2 is H or methyl;
X is NH or O;
Y is NH 2 or OR, where R is H or C 1 -C 3 alkyl;
n is 10-50;
m is 5-100;
and said fluoropolymer has a molecular weight of at least about 10,000, and wherein said composition is substantially free of any surfactant containing a perfluoroalkyl group containing more than 6 carbon atoms.
2. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein said composition complies with the standard of EN 1568-3.
3. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein said composition further comprises an effective amount of one or more components selected from the group consisting of: an amphoteric hydrocarbon surfactant, an anionic hydrocarbon surfactant, a nonionic hydrocarbon surfactant, a C 6 fluorochemical surfactant, a foam aid, a freeze protection composition, a composition comprising ion sequestering, buffer, and anti-corrosion components, a polymeric film forming composition, a biocides and antimicrobial composition, an electrolyte composition, and a polysaccharide gum thickener.
4. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein R 1 and R 2 are H.
5. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein X is NH.
6. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein Y is NH 2 .
7. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein A is C 1 -C 12 alkyl optionally interrupted with —S— or —O—.
8. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein A is —(CH 2 ) 1-6 —S—(CH 2 ) 1-6 —.
9. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein A is —(CH 2 ) 2 —S—(CH 2 ) 2 —.
10. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein R ct is an alkyl mercaptan, an aralkyl mercaptan, a perfluoroalkyl alkyl mercaptan, an alkyl halide, an aralkyl halide, or a perfluoroalkyl alkyl halide.
11. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein R ct is C 1 -C 6 alkylthio or Rf—(CH 2 ) 2-6 —S—.
12. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein R f is perfluorohexyl.
13. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein R f is perfluorohexyl, A is Rf—(CH 2 ) 2 —S—(CH 2 ) 2 —, R ct is Rf—(CH 2 ) 2 —S—, R, R 1 and R 2 are H, X is NH, and Y is NH 2 .
14. The aqueous firefighting composition concentrate according to claim 1 , wherein said fluoropolymer has a molecular weight less than 100,000.
15. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein said composition comprises an amphoteric hydrocarbon surfactant in an amount up to 3% w/w.
16. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein said composition comprises an anionic hydrocarbon surfactant in an amount of 2-20% w/w.
17. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein said composition comprises a nonionic hydrocarbon surfactant in an amount up to 5% w/w.
18. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein said composition comprises a C6 fluorochemical surfactant in an amount up to 0.4% w/w.
19. The composition according to claim 3 , wherein said composition comprises a foam aid in an amount up to 15% w/w.
20. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises a freeze protection composition in an amount up to 45% w/w.
21. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises ion sequestering, buffer, and anti-corrosion components in an amount up to 5% w/w.
22. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises a polymeric film forming composition in an amount up to 2%.
23. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises biocides and/or antimicrobials in an amount up to 0.1% w/w.
24. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises electrolytes in an amount up to 3% w/w.
25. The composition according to claim 1 , wherein said composition comprises at least one polysaccharide gum thickener in an amount up to 10% w/w.