Aqueous compositions, methods of producing conductive thin films using the same, conductive thin films produced thereby, and electronic devices including the same
An aqueous composition including: a conductive metal nanoparticle having an organic compound disposed on a surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle; a conductive metal nanowire; and a solvent including water and optionally an alcohol.
1. An aqueous composition, comprising:
a conductive metal nanoparticle comprising a C6 to C30 aromatic monothiol compound disposed on a surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle;
a conductive metal nanowire; and
a solvent comprising water and optionally an alcohol.
2. The aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle has an average diameter of less than or equal to about 5 nanometers, and the conductive metal nanowire has a diameter of less than or equal to about 50 nanometers.
3. The aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the conductive metal nanowire has a length of greater than or equal to about 10 micrometers.
4. The aqueous composition of claim 1 ,
wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle comprises silver, gold, aluminum, copper, tin, palladium, platinum, tungsten, molybdenum, or a combination thereof, and
wherein the conductive metal nanowire comprises silver, copper, gold, aluminum, cobalt, palladium, or a combination thereof.
5. The aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle and the conductive metal nanowire comprise the same metal.
6. The aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle further comprises a C2 to C30 aliphatic thiol compound, a C2 to C30 carboxylic acid compound, a C2 to C30 amine compound, or a combination thereof disposed on a surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle.
7. The aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the conductive metal nanoparticle is about 1 to about 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the conductive metal nanowire.
8. The aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein an amount of the C6 to C30 aromatic monothiol compound disposed on a surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle is less than or equal to about 50% based on the total weight of the conductive metal nanoparticle.
9. The aqueous composition of claim 1 , wherein the alcohol comprises 1 to 10 carbon atoms and 1 to 6 hydroxy group.
10. A method of producing a conductive thin film, comprising:
obtaining an aqueous dispersion comprising a binder and a conductive metal nanowire having a diameter of less than or equal to about 50 nm;
mixing the aqueous dispersion with a conductive metal nanoparticle comprising a C6 to C30 aromatic monothiol organic compound disposed on the surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle, wherein an average particle diameter of the conductive metal nanoparticle is less than or equal to about 5 nanometers to obtain an aqueous composition;
coating the aqueous composition on a substrate, and optionally drying the same to obtain a film; and
heat-treating the film at a temperature of greater than or equal to about 80° C. and less than or equal to about 190° C., to prepare a conductive thin film comprising at least two conductive metal nanowires welded by the conductive metal nanoparticle,
wherein the aqueous composition comprises a solvent comprising water and optionally an alcohol.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle comprises silver, gold, aluminum, copper, tin, palladium, platinum, tungsten, molybdenum, or a combination thereof, and
the conductive metal nanowire comprises silver, copper, gold, aluminum, cobalt, palladium, or a combination thereof.
12. The method of claim 10 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle further comprises a C2 to C30 aliphatic thiol compound, a C2 to C30 carboxylic acid compound, a C2 to C30 amine compound, or a combination thereof disposed on a surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle.
13. A conductive thin film comprising at least two conductive metal nanowires welded by at least a portion of a conductive metal nanoparticle comprising a C6 to C30 aromatic monothiol compound disposed on a surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle, wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle has an average particle diameter of less than or equal to about 5 nanometers.
14. The conductive thin film of claim 13 , wherein the conductive metal nanowire has a diameter of less than or equal to about 50 nanometers.
15. The conductive thin film of claim 13 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle comprises silver, gold, aluminum, copper, tin, palladium, platinum, tungsten, molybdenum, or a combination thereof, and
the conductive metal nanowire comprises silver, copper, gold, aluminum, cobalt, palladium, or a combination thereof.
16. The conductive thin film of claim 13 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle and the conductive metal nanowire comprises the same metal.
17. The conductive thin film of claim 13 , wherein the conductive metal nanoparticle further comprises a C2 to C30 aliphatic thiol compound, a C2 to C30 carboxylic acid compound, a C2 to C30 amine compound, or a combination thereof disposed on a surface of the conductive metal nanoparticle.
18. The conductive thin film of claim 13 , which further comprises an overcoating layer comprising a thermosetting resin, an ultraviolet curable resin, or a combination thereof on the surface of the thin film.
19. The conductive thin film of claim 13 , which has sheet resistance of less than or equal to about 50 ohms per square, and transmittance of greater than or equal to 90% in a full visible light range of 380 nanometers to 780 nanometers at haze of less than or equal to about 1.0% measured by a haze meter.
20. The conductive thin film of claim 19 , which has sheet resistance of less than or equal to about 40 ohms per square, and transmittance of greater than or equal to 90% in a full visible light range of 380 nanometers to 780 nanometers at haze of less than or equal to about 1.0% measured by a haze meter.
21. An electronic device comprising the conductive thin film of claim 13 .
22. The electronic device of claim 21 , wherein the electronic device is a display, a touch screen panel, a solar cell, an e-window, an electrochromic mirror, a transparent heater, a heat mirror, a transparent transistor, a transparent strain sensor, or a flexible display.