Process for preparing blends of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene
A process for preparing a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, the process comprising the steps of (i) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene, where the lanthanide-based catalyst includes (a) a lanthanide-containing compound, and (b) an organomagnesium compound; and (ii) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene to form syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene and thereby produce a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene; where the iron-based catalyst includes (a) an iron-containing compound, (b) an organomagnesium compound, and (c) a silyl phosphonate.
1. A process for preparing a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, the process comprising the steps of:
(i) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene, where the lanthanide-based catalyst includes (a) a lanthanide-containing compound, and (b) an organomagnesium compound; and
(ii) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene to form syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene and thereby produce a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene; where the iron-based catalyst includes (a) an iron-containing compound, (b) an organomagnesium compound, and (c) a silyl phosphonate.
2. The process of claim 1 , where the organomagnesium compound is defined by the formula MgR 2 , where each R independently is a monovalent organic group that is attached to the magnesium atom via a carbon atom.
3. The process of claim 1 , where the organomagnesium compound is defined by the formula RMgX, where R is a monovalent organic group that is attached to the magnesium atom via a carbon atom, and X is a hydrogen atom, a carboxylate group, an alkoxide group, or an aryloxide group.
4. The process of claim 1 , where the silyl phosphonate compound is defined by the formula
where each R 1 , which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a mono-valent organic group.
5. The process of claim 1 , where the silyl phosphonate compound is defined by the formula
where each R 2 , which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a mono-valent organic group, and R 3 is a bond or a divalent organic group.
6. The process of claim 1 , where the organomagnesium compound is defined by the formula MgR 2 , where each R independently is a monovalent organic group that is attached to the magnesium atom via a carbon atom.
7. The process of claim 1 , where the organomagnesium compound is defined by the formula RMgX, where R is a monovalent organic group that is attached to the magnesium atom via a carbon atom, and X is a hydrogen atom, a carboxylate group, an alkoxide group, or an aryloxide group.
8. The process of claim 1 , where said step of polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst takes place within a first vessel, and where said step of polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst takes place within a second vessel.
9. The process of claim 8 , where the polymerization mixture including a trans-1,4-polybutadiene is transferred from the first vessel to the second vessel without quenching the polymerization mixture or the trans-1,4-polybutadiene.
10. The process of claim 1 , where said step of polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst and said step of polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst takes place within a single vessel.
11. The process of claim 1 , where said step of polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst takes place within a first zone of a reactor, and where said step of polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst takes place within a second zone of the reactor.
12. A process for preparing a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, the process comprising:
(i) introducing a lanthanide-based catalyst and 1,3-butadiene monomer to form a polymerization mixture, where the lanthanide-based catalyst includes (a) a lanthanide-containing compound, and (b) an organomagnesium compound;
(ii) allowing the 1,3-butadiene monomer to polymerize to form trans-1,4-polybutadiene and thereby form a polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene;
(iii) introducing an iron-based catalyst to the polymerization mixture including the trans-1,4-polybutadiene, where the iron-based catalyst includes (a) an iron-containing compound, (b) an organomagnesium compound, and (c) a silyl phosphonate, where the silyl phosphonate is selected from silyl phosphonate compounds defined by one of the formulae
where each R 1 , which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a mono-valent organic group, or
where each R 2 , which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a mono-valent organic group, and R 3 is a bond or a divalent organic group; and
(iv) allowing the 1,3-butadiene monomer to polymerize to form syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene within the polymerization mixture including the trans-1,4-polybutadiene.
13. The process of claim 12 , where said step of introducing an iron-based catalyst takes place after the conversion of 1,3-butadiene monomer to trans-1,4-polybutadiene reaches at least 5% and before the conversion of 1,3-butadiene to trans-1,4-polybutadiene reaches at most 90%.
14. A process for preparing a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, the process comprising:
(i) providing an active polymerization mixture including a propagating trans-1,4-polybutadiene polymer, where the lanthanide-based catalyst includes (a) a lanthanide-containing compound, and (b) an organomagnesium compound; and
(ii) adding an iron-based catalyst to the active polymerization mixture including the propagating trans-1,4-polybutadiene polymer, where the iron-based catalyst includes (a) an iron-containing compound, (b) an organomagnesium compound, and (c) a silyl phosphonate, where the silyl phosphonate is selected from silyl phosphonate compounds defined by one of the formulae
where each R 1 , which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a mono-valent organic group, or
where each R 2 , which may be the same or different, is a hydrogen atom or a mono-valent organic group, and R 3 is a bond or a divalent organic group.
15. The process of claim 14 , further comprising the step of adding 1,3-butadiene monomer to the active polymerization mixture.
16. A vulcanizable composition comprising:
the blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene prepared by a process for preparing a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, the process comprising the steps of:
(i) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene, and
(ii) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene to form syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene and thereby produce a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, a filler, and a curative.
17. A tire component prepared by employing the blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene prepared by a process for preparing a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, the process comprising the steps of:
(i) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene, and
(ii) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene to form syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene and thereby produce a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene.
18. An airspring component prepared by employing the blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene prepared by a process for preparing a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene, the process comprising the steps of:
(i) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene, and
(ii) polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in the presence of an iron-based catalyst within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene to form syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene within the polymerization mixture including trans-1,4-polybutadiene and thereby produce a blend of trans-1,4-polybutadiene and syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene.