Systems and methods for feeding sugar alcohol to ruminants during periods of heat stress
Systems and methods provide sugar alcohol to heat stressed ruminants to improve performance. During periods of high temperature or humidity, heat stressed ruminants may exhibit decreased dry matter intake, and in response, an effective amount of sugar alcohol such as sorbitol may be provided in the ruminant diet to cause performance to increase, which may include increased milk yield, improved feed efficiency or both compared to heat stressed dairy cattle without sugar alcohol in the diet.
1. A method of feeding a transition or lactating ruminant, the transition ruminant in a transition phase defined by a period during which the ruminant is pregnant and extending through calving by the ruminant, the method comprising:
feeding the transition or lactating ruminant a diet comprising sorbitol in view of a potential for the ruminant to experience heat stress, wherein the potential for heat stress is one or more of historical weather patterns, short-term weather forecasts or observed temperature conditions of at least 70° F.; and
determining the ruminant is experiencing heat stress by observing one or more of elevated internal body temperature, open mouth breathing, increased panting, sweating, or failed reproduction,
wherein the sorbitol is ingested in an amount in the diet effective to improve performance of the heat stressed ruminant during lactation, wherein the improved performance comprises one or more of increased milk production, increased dry matter intake, increased weight gain, or an improved milk-to-feed ratio.
2. The method of claim 1 , further comprising one or more of:
cooling an environment in which the heat stressed ruminant resides, or
cooling the heat stressed ruminant using an evaporative cooling method.
3. The method of claim 2 , wherein the improved performance comprises the improved milk-to-feed ratio.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sorbitol is within a formula feed.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the sorbitol is incorporated with one or more of corn silage, legume silages, alfalfa hay, mixed hays, grains, grain mixtures, grain meals or nutritional supplements.
6. A method of feeding a lactating ruminant, the method comprising:
during a period of ambient temperature conditions of at least 70° F., determining the lactating ruminant is experiencing heat stress by observing one of an about 10 percent decrease in dry matter intake, reduced milk production, increased respirations, elevated internal body temperature, open mouth breathing, increased panting, sweating or failed reproduction; and
feeding the heat stressed lactating ruminant a diet comprising an amount of sorbitol effective to improve performance, wherein the improved performance comprises one or more of increased milk production, increased dry matter intake, increased weight gain, or an improved milk-to-feed ratio.
7. The method of claim 6 , wherein the heat stressed lactating ruminant is a heat stressed mid-lactation phase ruminant defined by a period of about 100 to about 200 days in milk.
8. The method of claim 7 , further comprising one or more of:
cooling an environment in which the heat stressed mid-lactation phase ruminant resides, or
cooling the heat stressed mid-lactation phase ruminant using an evaporative cooling method.
9. The method of claim 6 , wherein the sorbitol is within a formula feed.
10. The method of claim 6 , wherein the sorbitol is incorporated with one or more of corn silage, legume silages, alfalfa hay, mixed hays, grains, grain mixtures, grain meals or nutritional supplements.