Deep draw composites and methods of using them
Certain embodiments described herein are directed to composite materials effective for use in deep draw processes. In some examples, the composites can be used to provide vehicle panels such as, for example, vehicle underbody panels. In some configurations, the composite comprises a fiber reinforced polymer core and a skin material disposed on at least some portion of the fiber reinforced polymer core, in which the skin material comprises a basis weight of at least 65 g/m2 and an elongation at break of at least 20%.
1. A composite comprising a fiber reinforced polymer core comprising a web of open cell structures formed by random crossing over of reinforcing fibers held together by a thermoplastic material, the composite material further comprising a porous non-woven skin material disposed on at least some portion of the fiber reinforced polymer core, in which the polymer core comprises a basis weight of 700 g/m 2 , in which the porous non-woven skin material comprises a basis weight of 70 g/m 2 , a fabric elongation (MD/CD) of 20/30, and an elongation at break of at least 20%, the composite further comprising a thermoplastic material adhesive layer between the porous non-woven skin material and the polymer core to bond the porous non-woven skin material to the polymer core, in which the composite can be drawn to a draw height of at least 5 cm using a ramp mold and drawn to a draw height of at least 3 cm using a cone mold without breakthrough of the composite.
2. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the reinforcing fibers comprise fibers including a diameter greater than about 5 microns and a length from about 5 mm to about 200 mm.
3. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer resin is selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin, a thermoplastic polyolefin blend, a polyvinyl polymer, a butadiene polymer, an acrylic polymer, a polyamide, a polyester, a polycarbonate, a polyestercarbonate, a polystyrene, an acrylonitrylstyrene polymer, an acrylonitrile-butylacrylate-styrene polymer, a polyether imide, a polyphenylene ether, a polyphenylene oxide, a polyphenylenesulphide, a polyether, a polyetherketone, a polyacetal, a polyurethane, a polybenzimidazole, and copolymers and mixtures thereof.
4. The composite of claim 1 , wherein the fibers of the core are selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, graphite fibers, synthetic organic fibers, inorganic fibers, natural fibers, mineral fibers, metal fibers, metalized inorganic fibers, metalized synthetic fibers, ceramic fibers, and combinations thereof.
5. The composite of claim 1 , further comprising an additional skin material disposed on the polymer core.
6. A composite comprising a fiber reinforced polymer core comprising a web of open cell structures formed by random crossing over of reinforcing fibers held together by a thermoplastic material, the composite material further comprising a porous non-woven skin material disposed on at least some portion of the fiber reinforced polymer core, in which the polymer core comprises a basis weight of 700 g/m 2 , and in which the porous non-woven skin material comprises a basis weight of 70 g/m 2 , a fabric elongation (MD/CD) of 38/40 and an elongation at break of at least 20%, the composite further comprising a thermoplastic material adhesive layer between the porous non-woven skin material and the polymer core to bond the porous non-woven skin material to the polymer core, in which the composite can be drawn to a draw height of at least 5 cm using a ramp mold and can be drawn to a draw height of at least 3 cm using a cone mold without breakthrough of the composite.
7. The composite of claim 6 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer resin is selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin, a thermoplastic polyolefin blend, a polyvinyl polymer, a butadiene polymer, an acrylic polymer, a polyamide, a polyester, a polycarbonate, a polyestercarbonate, a polystyrene, an acrylonitrylstyrene polymer, an acrylonitrile-butylacrylate-styrene polymer, a polyether imide, a polyphenylene ether, a polyphenylene oxide, a polyphenylenesulphide, a polyether, a polyetherketone, a polyacetal, a polyurethane, a polybenzimidazole, and copolymers and mixtures thereof.
8. The composite of claim 6 , wherein the fibers of the core are selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, graphite fibers, synthetic organic fibers, inorganic fibers, natural fibers, mineral fibers, metal fibers, metalized inorganic fibers, metalized synthetic fibers, ceramic fibers, and combinations thereof.
9. The composite of claim 6 , further comprising an additional skin material disposed on the polymer core.
10. A composite comprising a fiber reinforced polymer core comprising a web of open cell structures formed by random crossing over of reinforcing fibers held together by a thermoplastic material, the composite material further comprising a porous non-woven skin material disposed on at least some portion of the fiber reinforced polymer core, in which the polymer core comprises a basis weight of 700 g/m 2 , in which the porous non-woven skin material comprises a basis weight of 70 g/m 2 , a fabric elongation (MD/CD) of 45/45 and an elongation at break of at least 20%, the composite further comprising a thermoplastic material adhesive layer between the porous non-woven skin material and the polymer core to bond the porous non-woven skin material to the polymer core, in which the composite can be drawn to a draw height of at least 5 cm using a ramp mold and can be drawn to a draw height of at least 3 cm using a cone mold without breakthrough of the composite.
11. The composite of claim 10 , wherein the thermoplastic polymer resin is selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin, a thermoplastic polyolefin blend, a polyvinyl polymer, a butadiene polymer, an acrylic polymer, a polyamide, a polyester, a polycarbonate, a polyestercarbonate, a polystyrene, an acrylonitrylstyrene polymer, an acrylonitrile-butylacrylate-styrene polymer, a polyether imide, a polyphenylene ether, a polyphenylene oxide, a polyphenylenesulphide, a polyether, a polyetherketone, a polyacetal, a polyurethane, a polybenzimidazole, and copolymers and mixtures thereof.
12. The composite of claim 10 , wherein the fibers of the core are selected from the group consisting of glass fibers, carbon fibers, graphite fibers, synthetic organic fibers, inorganic fibers, natural fibers, mineral fibers, metal fibers, metalized inorganic fibers, metalized synthetic fibers, ceramic fibers, and combinations thereof.
13. The composite of claim 10 , further comprising an additional skin material disposed on the polymer core.