Methods of deployment for eutectic isolation tools to ensure wellbore plugs
A tool for deploying a wellbore plug in a well using flowable eutectic material is disclosed. A tool having a mandrel, an obstruction, and a flowable quantity of eutectic material in a solid state is positioned in the wellbore. The obstruction is actuated and the flowable material is heated to melt. The obstruction supports the flowed material as it cools to form a plug in the wellbore.
1. A wellbore plug deployment tool for use in a wellbore, comprising:
a mandrel having a proximate end and a distal end, the distal end being positioned further into the wellbore than the proximate end;
a skirt at the distal end;
an alloy sheath disposed on an outer surface of the mandrel, wherein the alloy sheath is made of a eutectic material configured to melt when elevated to a predetermined high temperature and can reform at a predetermined low temperature;
a temperature elevating mechanism configured to actuate to elevate the alloy sheath to the predetermined high temperature to melt the alloy sheath,
wherein the alloy sheath comprises two or more sets of alloy material regions having different material properties such that ignition of a first set of alloy material can be achieved separate from ignition of a second set of alloy material; and
an obstruction coupled to the skirt and configured to support the molten alloy sheath such that upon reaching the predetermined low temperature the alloy sheath reforms to form a plug in the well.
2. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 1 , further comprising a centralizing mechanism coupled to the mandrel, wherein the centralizing mechanism is held in a retracted position as the wellbore plug deployment tool is run in hole and is exposed when the alloy melts and achieves an expanded position to centralize the wellbore plug deployment tool in the well.
3. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 2 wherein the centralizing mechanism comprises slips.
4. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 3 wherein the slips are actuated by at least one of a hydraulic, hydrostatic, electric, swellable, inflatable, and mechanical actuator.
5. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 2 wherein the centralizing mechanism comprises elongated biasing arms which are biased toward the expanded position and are held in the retracted position by the alloy sheath.
6. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 2 wherein the obstruction comprises a whipstock.
7. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 1 wherein the obstruction comprises a cup packer.
8. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 1 , further comprising a shifting mechanism configured to move the obstruction toward the proximal end of the wellbore plug deployment tool as the molten alloy reforms.
9. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 1 wherein the obstruction comprises a distal obstruction and a proximal obstruction, wherein the alloy sheath is disposed between the proximal and distal obstructions.
10. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 9 , further comprising a shifting mechanism configured to move at least one of the distal and proximal obstructions to reduce a distance between the proximal and distal obstructions to form a plug.
11. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 9 wherein at least one of the proximal and distal obstructions comprises a packer.
12. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 1 wherein the temperature elevating mechanism comprises two or more sets of temperature elevating mechanisms in a predetermined arrangement around a circumference of the alloy sheath, wherein each set of temperature elevating mechanisms has a different predetermined ignition condition.
13. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 12 wherein:
the wellbore plug deployment tool is configured for use in a wellbore which is at least slightly deviated;
the two or more sets of temperature elevating mechanisms are arranged in an azimuthal direction; and
a first set of the temperature elevating mechanisms is positioned at a portion of the wellbore nearest to the earth's core and is ignited first;
a second set of the temperature elevating mechanisms is positioned at a portion of the wellbore furthest to the earth's core and is ignited second.
14. The wellbore plug deployment tool of claim 1 wherein the temperature elevating mechanism comprises thermite cores.
15. A method of deploying a plug in a wellbore, comprising:
deploying a tool in the wellbore comprising a mandrel, an obstruction, and a flowable material, wherein the flowable material is disposed on an outer surface of the mandrel and configured to melt upon reaching a predetermined elevated temperature and reform upon cooling;
deploying the obstruction in the wellbore;
activating the flowable material by elevating the flowable material to the predetermined elevated temperature,
wherein the flowable material comprises two or more sets of alloy material regions having different material properties such that ignition of a first set of alloy material can be achieved separate from ignition of a second set of alloy material; and
allowing the flowable material to cool and reform supported by the obstruction to form the plug in the wellbore.
16. The method of claim 15 wherein deploying the obstruction in the wellbore comprises setting slips.
17. The method of claim 15 wherein deploying the obstruction in the wellbore comprises setting a packer.
18. The method of claim 15 wherein deploying the obstruction in the wellbore comprises moving the obstruction along the wellbore to form the flowable material while the flowable material is at least partially molten.
19. The method of claim 15 , further comprising centralizing the tool in the wellbore by flowing the flowable material to expose biasing arms, allowing the biasing arms to move to an expanded state to centralize the tool in the wellbore.
20. The method of claim 15 wherein activating the flowable material comprises at least one of igniting thermite, providing electric energy to the flowable material, and providing chemical energy to the flowable material.
21. A wellbore plug deployment tool for use in a wellbore, comprising:
a mandrel having a proximate end and a distal end, the distal end being positioned further into the wellbore than the proximate end;
a skirt at the distal end;
an alloy sheath disposed on an outer surface of the mandrel, wherein the alloy sheath is made of a eutectic material configured to melt when elevated to a predetermined high temperature and can reform at a predetermined low temperature;
a temperature elevating mechanism configured to actuate to elevate the alloy sheath to the predetermined high temperature to melt the alloy sheath,
wherein the temperature elevating mechanism comprises two or more sets of temperature elevating mechanisms in a predetermined arrangement around a circumference of the alloy sheath, wherein each set of temperature elevating mechanisms has a different predetermined ignition condition; and
an obstruction coupled to the skirt and configured to support the molten alloy sheath such that upon reaching the predetermined low temperature the alloy sheath reforms to form a plug in the well.