Toner and method for manufacturing toner
Provided is a toner comprising a toner particle containing: a binder resin; a pigment; a resin having an acidic functional group; and a fixing auxiliary agent, wherein the pigment is a pigment having a structure derived from a basic compound, and the binder resin and the fixing auxiliary agent satisfy following Formula (1): ( TgA−TgB )≥5.0° C. Formula (1) and given HP1 as a hydrophobic parameter of the resin having an acidic functional group and HP2 as a hydrophobic parameter of the fixing auxiliary agent, the HP1 is at least 0.60, and following Formula (2) is satisfied: |HP1−HP2|≤0.30 Formula (2).
1. A toner comprising a toner particle containing
a binder resin,
a pigment,
a resin having an acidic functional group, and
a fixing auxiliary agent, wherein
the pigment is a pigment having a structure derived from a basic compound;
the binder resin and the fixing auxiliary agent satisfy following Formula (1):
( TgA−TgB )≥5.0° C. Formula (1)
where
TgA represents a glass transition temperature (Tg) in differential scanning colorimetry of the binder resin, and
TgB represents a Tg in differential scanning colorimetry of a resin mixture obtained by mixing the binder resin and the fixing auxiliary agent at a mass ratio of 9:1; and
the resin having an acidic functional group has a hydrophobic parameter HP1 of at least 0.60,
the fixing auxiliary agent has a hydrophobic parameter HP2, and
the HP1 and the HP2 satisfy following Formula (2):
|HP1−HP2|≤0.30 Formula (2)
where HP1 represents a volume fraction of heptane at a point of precipitation by the resin having an acidic functional group as measured by the addition of heptane to a solution containing 0.01 mass parts of the resin having an acidic functional group and 1.48 mass parts of chloroform, and
HP2 represents a volume fraction of heptane at a point of precipitation by the fixing auxiliary agent as measured by the addition of heptane to a solution containing 0.01 mass parts of the fixing auxiliary agent and 1.48 mass parts of chloroform.
2. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the acidic functional group of the resin is a carboxy group or a sulfo group.
3. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein an acid value of the resin having an acidic functional group is at least 3.0 mg KOH/g and not more than 25.0 mg KOH/g.
4. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the HP1 is at least 0.75.
5. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein pKa of the pigment is at least 4.0 and not more than 7.0
where the pKa is a base dissociation constant measured by preparing a pigment dispersion in which 10.0 mass parts of the pigment, 140.0 mass parts of toluene and 60.0 mass parts of ethanol are mixed, and carrying out neutralization titration with a 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid ethanol solution.
6. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the pigment having a structure derived from a basic compound is a pigment containing an organic dye having basic segments, and the organic dye having basic segments has a structure represented by Formula (3) below:
where P is an organic dye, x is 1 or 2, y is a value of at least 1 and not more than 4, and each of R 1 and R 2 independently represents a hydrogen atom or linear or branched alkyl group, or a group needed for forming a heterocycle in which R 1 and R 2 bind together.
7. The toner according to claim 6 , wherein the P is an organic dye having a phthalocyanine skeleton or a quinacridone skeleton.
8. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the pigment having a structure derived from a basic compound is a pigment having a basic functional group, and the basic functional group is a group represented by Formula (3-1) below:
where * represents a segment binding to the pigment, z is 1 or 2, and each of R 3 and R 4 independently represents a hydrogen atom or linear or branched alkyl group, or a group needed for forming a heterocycle in which R 3 and R 4 binding together.
9. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a base value of the pigment is at least 0.9 mg KOH/g and not more than 3.0 mg KOH/g.
10. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the resin having an acidic functional group has a structure represented by Formula (4) below:
where one of R 6 and R 7 is a carboxy group, while each of R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 and R 9 other than the carboxy group is independently a hydrogen atom, hydroxy group, amino group, C 1-8 alkyl group or C 1-8 alkoxy group, L is a linking group represented by Formula (5) below, and * is a segment binding to the main chain skeleton of the resin having an acidic functional group;
where a is 0 or 1, b is an integer of at least 0 and not more than 4, X is a single bond or a group represented by —O—, —S— or —NR 10 —, R 10 is a hydrogen atom or C 1-4 alkyl group, and * is a segment binding to the main chain skeleton of the resin having an acidic functional group.
11. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the resin having an acidic functional group has a structure represented by Formula (6) below:
where one of R 12 and R 13 is a carboxy group, and the other is a hydroxy group, each of R 11 , R 14 and R 15 is independently a hydrogen atom, hydroxyl group, amino group, C 1-4 alkyl group or C 1-4 alkoxy group, and * is a segment binding to the main chain skeleton of the resin having an acidic functional group.
12. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the resin having an acidic functional group has a weight-average molecular weight of at least 10,000 and not more than 75,000.
13. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein content of the resin having an acidic functional group is at least 3.0 mass parts and not more than 30.0 mass parts per 100 mass parts of the pigment.
14. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein content of the resin having an acidic functional group is at least 5.0 mass parts and not more than 40.0 mass parts per 100 mass parts of the fixing auxiliary agent.
15. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein a melting point of the fixing auxiliary agent is at least 55° C. and not more than 100° C.
16. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the fixing auxiliary agent is a crystalline polyester.
17. The toner according to claim 16 , wherein a weight-average molecular weight of the crystalline polyester is at least 10,000 and not more than 40,000.
18. The toner according to claim 1 , wherein the fixing auxiliary agent is at least one of an ester compound of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol with an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid, and an ester compound of a monovalent or polyvalent carboxylic acid with an aliphatic alcohol.
19. A method for manufacturing a toner, wherein
the toner is a toner comprising a toner particle containing
a binder resin,
a pigment,
a resin having an acidic functional group, and
a fixing auxiliary agent;
the pigment is a pigment having a structure derived from a basic compound;
the binder resin and the fixing auxiliary agent satisfying following Formula (1)
( TgA−TgB )≥5.0° C. Formula (1)
where
TgA represents a glass transition temperature (Tg) in differential scanning calorimetry of the binder resin, and
TgB represents a Tg in differential scanning calorimetry of a resin mixture obtained by mixing the binder resin and the fixing auxiliary agent at a mass ratio of 9:1; and
the resin having an acidic functional group has a hydrophobic parameter HP1 of at least 0.60,
the fixing auxiliary agent has a hydrophobic parameter HP2, and
the HP1 and the HP2 satisfy following Formula:
|HP1−HP2|≤0.30 Formula (2)
where HP1 represents a volume fraction of heptane at a point of precipitation by the resin having an acidic functional group as measured by the addition of heptane to a solution containing 0.01 mass parts of the resin having an acidic functional group and 1.48 mass parts of chloroform, and
HP2 represents a volume fraction of heptane at a point of precipitation by the fixing auxiliary agent as measured by the addition of heptane to a solution containing 0.01 mass parts of the fixing auxiliary agent and 1.48 mass parts of chloroform,
the method comprising a step (i) or a step (ii) below:
(i) a step of granulating, in an aqueous medium, a polymerizable monomer composition containing a polymerizable monomer capable of forming the binder resin, the resin having an acidic functional group, the pigment, and the fixing auxiliary agent, and then polymerizing the polymerizable monomer contained in the polymerizable monomer composition, to thereby manufacture a toner particle;
(ii) a step of granulating, in an aqueous medium, an organic solvent dispersion containing the binder resin, the pigment, the resin having an acidic functional group and the fixing auxiliary agent in an organic solvent, to thereby manufacture a toner particle.
20. A toner comprising a toner particle containing
a binder resin,
a pigment, and
a resin having an acidic functional group, wherein
the toner particle further contains at least one of a crystalline polyester and a wax,
the wax is at least one of an ester compound of a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol with an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid and an ester compound of a monovalent or polyvalent carboxylic acid with an aliphatic monoalcohol,
the pigment is a pigment having a structure derived from a basic compound, and
the resin having an acidic functional group has a hydrophobic parameter HP1 of at least 0.60,
the crystalline polyester or wax has a hydrophobic parameter HP2, and
the HP1 and the HP2 satisfy following Formula (2):
|HP1−HP2|≤0.30 Formula (2)
where HP1 represents a volume fraction of heptane at a point of precipitation by the resin having an acidic functional group as measured by the addition of heptane to a solution containing 0.01 mass parts of the resin having an acidic functional group and 1.48 mass parts of chloroform, and
HP2 represents a volume fraction of heptane at a point of precipitation by the crystalline polyester or wax as measured by the addition of heptane to a solution containing 0.01 mass parts of the crystalline polyester or wax and 1.48 mass parts of chloroform.