Dynamic characteristic calculation apparatus and its method for machine tool

1. An apparatus calculating a dynamic characteristic of a machine tool that executes an interrupted machining of a workpiece by moving a rotational tool having one or plural tool tips relative to the workpiece comprising:

a vibration detector configured to detect a vibration property of said rotational tool mounted on the machine tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate by a target member prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece; and

a processor configured to:

calculate a natural frequency of said rotational tool mounted on the machine tool on a basis of said detected vibration property,

replace a pre-excitation natural frequency stored in a memory with said calculated natural frequency, said pre-excitation frequency being determined based on constructional information of said machine tool before said rotation tool is excited to vibrate by the target member, and

generate a command for said machine tool to change a rotational velocity of said rotational tool in said interrupted machining based upon said calculated natural frequency, wherein

said machine tool includes a driving device configured to move said rotational tool relative to said workpiece; and

said rotational tool is excited to vibrate, prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece, by contacting said rotational tool with said target member mounted on said machine tool without use of man power by driving said driving device without said rotational tool being rotated, or

said rotational tool is excited to vibrate prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece by contacting said rotational tool with said target member by driving said driving device while said rotational tool is rotated in a counter rotational direction against a rotational direction of the tool when machining.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein

said rotational tool is mounted on a tool holder fixed on a spindle of said machine tool;

said rotational tool includes said one or plural tool tips at a top side and a non-tip portion at a base side; and

said rotational tool is excited to vibrate prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece by contacting said non-tip portion of said rotational tool with said target member by driving said driving device.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein

said dynamic characteristic includes said pre-excitation natural frequency and a mass coefficient of said one or plural tool tips; and

said processor is configured to determine said mass coefficient by executing a Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis based on said constructional information of said machine tool.

4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein

said processor is configured to determine said pre-excitation natural frequency by executing said FEM analysis; and

said vibration detector is configured to detect said vibration property when a detecting condition, determined on a basis of said pre-excitation natural frequency, occurs.

5. The apparatus according to claim 4 , wherein

said dynamic characteristic includes a damping ratio; and

said processor is configured to calculate said damping ratio on a basis of said detected vibration property.

6. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein

said dynamic characteristic includes a damping ratio of said one or plural tool tips; and

said processor is configured to determine said damping ratio by executing said FEM analysis.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the vibration detector is an acoustic wave detector configured to detect an acoustic wave generated by vibration of said rotational tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the vibration detector is a magnetic property detector configured to detect a variable magnetic property generated by vibration of said rotational tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate.

9. A method calculating a dynamic characteristic of a machine tool that executes an interrupted machining of a workpiece by moving a rotational tool having one or plural tool tips relative to the workpiece comprising steps of:

detecting a vibration property of said rotational tool mounted on the machine tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate by a target member prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece;

calculating a natural frequency of said rotational tool mounted on the machine tool on a basis of said detected vibration property;

replacing a pre-excitation natural frequency stored in a memory with said calculated natural frequency, said pre-excitation frequency being determined based on constructional information of said machine tool before said rotation tool is excited to vibrate by the target member; and

generating a command for said machine tool to change a rotational velocity of said rotational tool in said interrupted machining based upon said calculated natural frequency, wherein

said rotational tool is excited to vibrate, prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece, by contacting said rotational tool with said target member mounted on said machine tool without use of man power by driving a driving device without said rotational tool being rotated, or

said rotational tool is excited to vibrate prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece by contacting said rotational tool with said target member while said rotational tool is rotated in a counter rotational direction against a rotational direction of the tool when machining.

10. The method according to claim 9 , wherein detecting includes detecting an acoustic wave generated by vibration of said rotational tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate.

11. The method according to claim 9 , wherein detecting includes detecting a variable magnetic property generated by vibration of said rotational tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate.

12. A method of calculating a dynamic characteristic of a machine tool that executes an interrupted machining of a workpiece by moving a rotational tool having one or plural tool tips relative to the workpiece, said dynamic characteristic including a mass coefficient and a natural frequency of said rotational tool mounted on the machine tool, said method comprising steps of

obtaining said mass coefficient by executing a Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis based on constructional information of said machine tool;

detecting a vibration property of said rotational tool mounted on the machine tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate by a target member prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece;

calculating said natural frequency on a basis of said detected vibration property;

replacing a pre-excitation natural frequency stored in a memory with said calculated natural frequency, said pre-excitation frequency being determined based on said constructional information of said machine tool before said rotation tool is excited to vibrate by the target member; and

generating a command for said machine tool to change a rotational velocity of said rotational tool in said interrupted machining based upon said calculated natural frequency, wherein

said rotational tool is excited to vibrate, prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece, by contacting said rotational tool with said target member mounted on said machine tool without use of man power by driving a driving device without said rotational tool being rotated, or

said rotational tool is excited to vibrate prior to the interrupted machining of the workpiece by contacting said rotational tool with said target member while said rotational tool is rotated in a counter rotational direction against a rotational direction of the tool when machining.

13. The method according to claim 12 , wherein detecting includes detecting an acoustic wave generated by vibration of said rotational tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate.

14. The method according to claim 12 , wherein detecting includes detecting a variable magnetic property generated by vibration of said rotational tool when said rotational tool is excited to vibrate.