2-H-indazole derivatives as cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors and therapeutic uses thereof
Indazole compounds of formula (I) as cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) and cell-proliferation inhibitors, and therapeutic uses and methods of preparation thereof, are disclosed. These compounds, and pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, prodrugs, and pharmaceutical compositions thereof, are useful for treating diseases and disorders associated with activity of cyclin-dependent kinases, in particular CDK4/6, including but not limited to various cancers and inflammation-related diseases or conditions.
1. A compound of formula (Ia)
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
R 1 is hydrogen or ethyl;
R 2 is isopropyl;
R 3 is methyl;
R 4 is hydrogen or halogen; and
R 5 is hydrogen or halogen.
2. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 1 is ethyl; R 4 is hydrogen or fluoro, and R 5 is hydrogen or fluoro.
3. The compound of claim 2 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 4 is hydrogen and R 5 is fluoro.
4. The compound of claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein R 1 is hydrogen; R 4 is hydrogen or fluoro, and R 5 is hydrogen or fluoro.
5. The compound of claim 4 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, or prodrug thereof, wherein R 4 is hydrogen and R 5 is fluoro.
6. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound of formula (Ia) according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, and one or more pharmaceutically acceptable adjuvants, diluents, and/or carriers.
7. The pharmaceutical composition of claim 6 , wherein in the compound of formula (Ia), R 4 is hydrogen or fluoro and R 5 is fluoro.
8. A method of relieving, ameliorating, or modulating a disease, disorder, or condition mediated through activity of at least one cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK), the method comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of the compound of formula (Ia) according to claim 1 , or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or composition thereof.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein the CDK is CDK4, CDK6, or a combination thereof.
10. The method of claim 8 , wherein the disease or disorder is cancer.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the cancer is selected from the group consisting of colorectal cancer, breast cancer, lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), prostate cancer, glioblastoma, mantel cell lymphoma (MCL), chronic myeloid leukemia (CIVIL), and acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and complications thereof.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein in the compound of formula (Ia), R 1 is ethyl, R 4 is hydrogen, and R 5 is fluoro.
13. The method of claim 8 , wherein the disease or disorder is an inflammation-related disease or condition selected from arthritis and cystic fibrosis.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein in the compound of formula (Ia), R 1 is ethyl, R 4 is hydrogen, and R 5 is fluoro.
15. A method of inhibiting cell proliferation comprising treating proliferative cells with an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 , or a salt or composition thereof.
16. A method of inhibiting a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) selected from the group consisting of CDK4, CDK6, and a combination thereof, the method comprising treating the kinase with an effective amount of a compound of claim 1 , or a salt or composition thereof.
17. A method of preparing a compound of formula (Ia), comprising a step of coupling intermediate E with intermediate G:
wherein R 1 is ethyl, R 2 is isopropyl, R 3 is methyl, R 4 is hydrogen or fluoro, and R 5 is hydrogen or fluoro, and X 3 is Cl, Br, or I.
18. The method of claim 17 , wherein the intermediate E is prepared by converting intermediate C to intermediate D and coupling the intermediate D with a pyrimidine compound H:
wherein R 1 is ethyl, R 2 is isopropyl, R 3 is methyl, R 4 is hydrogen or fluoro, and R 5 is hydrogen or fluoro; and wherein R x and R y are independent alkyl, cycloalkyl, or alternatively together form an alkylene group, each optionally substituted by one or more substituents independently selected from C 1 -C 4 alkyl.
19. The method of claim 17 , wherein the intermediate C is prepared by converting starting material S1 to intermediate A and converting the intermediate A to the intermediate C:
wherein X is Cl, Br, I, or MeSO 3 —; R 2 is isopropyl, and R 3 is methyl;
or alternatively the intermediate C is prepared by converting the intermediate A to an alcohol intermediate B followed by reduction of the alcohol intermediate B to form the intermediate C:
wherein R 2 is isopropyl, R 3 is methyl, and R 4 is hydrogen or fluoro.
20. The method of claim 17 , wherein the intermediate G is prepared through coupling the pyridine aldehyde compound S2 and the piperazine compound S3 to form an intermediate F followed by converting the intermediate F to the intermediate G:
wherein X 4 is Br or I; and R 1 is ethyl.