Organic electroluminescent materials and devices
A composition including a first compound is disclosed, wherein the first compound is capable of functioning as a phosphorescent emitter in an organic light emitting device at room temperature; wherein the first compound has at least one aromatic ring and at least one substituent R; wherein each of the at least one R is an organic group having at least one X—F bond; wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of Si, and Ge; and wherein each of the at least one R is directly bonded to one of the aromatic rings.
1. A composition comprising a first compound;
wherein the first compound is capable of functioning as a phosphorescent emitter in an organic light emitting device at room temperature;
wherein the first compound has at least one aromatic ring and at least one substituent R;
wherein each of the at least one R is an organic group having at least one X—F bond;
wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of Si and Ge;
wherein each of the at least one R is directly bonded to the at least one aromatic ring; and
wherein each X is separated by at least one carbon atom from the at least one aromatic ring.
2. The composition of claim 1 , wherein each X has only one F bonded to it.
3. The composition of claim 1 , wherein each of the at least one R is independently selected from the group consisting of partially or fully fluorinated silylated alkyl, partially or fully fluorinated silylated cycloalkyl, partially or fully fluorinated germanylated alkyl, partially or fully fluorinated germanylated cycloalkyl, and combinations thereof.
4. The composition of claim 1 , wherein the first compound has the formula of M(L 1 ) x (L 2 ) y (L 3 ) z ;
wherein L 1 , L 2 and L 3 can be the same or different;
wherein x is 1, 2, or 3;
wherein y is 0, 1, or 2;
wherein z is 0, 1, or 2;
wherein M is a metal and x+y+z is the oxidation state of the metal M;
wherein L 1 , L 2 and L 3 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
wherein each X 1 to X 13 are independently selected from the group consisting of carbon and nitrogen;
wherein Y is selected from the group consisting of BR′, NR′, PR′, O, S, Se, C═O, S═O, SO 2 , CR′R″, SiR′R″, and GeR′R″;
wherein R′ and R″ are optionally fused or joined to form a ring;
wherein each R a , R b , R c , and R d may represent from mono substitution to the possible maximum number of substitution, or no substitution;
wherein R′, R″, R a , R b , R c , and R d are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, deuterium, halide, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heteroalkyl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, aryloxy, amino, silyl, alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, heteroalkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, acyl, carbonyl, carboxylic acids, ester, nitrile, isonitrile, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfonyl, phosphino, and combinations thereof; and
wherein any two adjacent substituents of R a , R b , R c , and R d are optionally fused or joined to form a ring or form a multidentate ligand; and
wherein at least one of the R a , R b , R c , and R d includes at least one R.
5. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the first compound has the formula of Ir(L 1 ) 2 (L 2 ).
6. The composition of claim 5 , wherein L 1 has the formula selected from the group consisting of:
wherein L 2 has the formula:
7. The composition of claim 5 , wherein L 1 and L 2 are different and L 1 and L 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
8. The composition of claim 5 , wherein L 1 and L 2 are each independently selected from the group consisting of:
9. The composition of claim 4 , wherein the first compound has the formula of Pt(L 1 ) 2 or Pt(L 1 )(L 2 ).
10. The composition of claim 4 , wherein at least one of L L , L 2 , and L 3 is selected from the group consisting of:
wherein R y , and R z are each independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, partially or fully deuterated variants thereof, and combinations thereof.
11. The first compound of claim 4 , wherein at least one of L 1 , L 2 , and L 3 is L A selected from the group consisting of:
L A2 , L A3 , L A7 , L A8 ,
L A12 , L A13 , L A17 , L A18 ,
L A22 , L A23 , L A27 , L A28 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A2 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A12 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A22 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A3 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A13 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A23 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A7 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A17 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A27 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A8 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A18 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A28 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A32 , L A33 , L A37 , L A38 ,
L A42 , L A43 , L A47 , L A48 ,
L A52 , L A53 , L A57 , L A58 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A32 , R 5 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A42 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A52 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A33 , R 5 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A43 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A53 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A37 , R 5 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A47 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A57 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A38 , R 5 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A48 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A58 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A62 , L A63 , L A67 , L A68 ,
L A72 , L A73 , L A77 , L A78 ,
L A82 , L A83 , L A87 , L A88 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A62 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A72 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A82 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A63 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A73 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A83 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A67 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A77 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A87 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A68 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A78 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A88 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A92 , L A93 , L A97 , L A98 ,
L A102 , L A103 , L A107 , L A108 ,
L A112 , L A113 , L A117 , L A118 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A92 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A102 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A112 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A93 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A103 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A113 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A97 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A107 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A117 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A98 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A108 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A118 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A122 , L A123 , L A127 , L A128 ,
L A132 , L A133 , L A137 , L A138 ,
L A142 , L A143 , L A147 , L A148 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A122 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A132 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A142 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A123 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A133 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A143 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A127 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A137 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A147 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A128 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A138 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A148 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A152 , L A153 , L A157 , L A158 ,
L A162 , L A163 , L A167 , L A168 ,
L A172 , L A173 , L A177 , L A178 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A152 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A162 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A172 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A153 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A163 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A173 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A157 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A167 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A177 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A158 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A168 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A178 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A182 , L A183 , L A187 , L A188 ,
L A192 , L A193 , L A197 , L A198 ,
L A202 , L A203 , L A207 , L A208 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A182 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A192 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A202 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A183 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A193 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A203 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A187 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A197 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A207 , R 4 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A188 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A198 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A208 , R 4 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A212 , L A213 , L A217 , L A218 ,
L A222 , L A223 , L A227 , L A228 ,
L A232 , L A233 , L A237 , L A238 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A212 , R 5 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A222 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A232 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A213 , R 5 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A223 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A233 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A217 , R 5 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A227 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A237 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A218 , R 5 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A228 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A238 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A242 , L A243 , L A247 , L A248 ,
L A252 , L A253 , L A257 , L A258 ,
L A262 , L A653 , L A267 , L A268 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A242 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A252 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A262 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A243 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A253 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A263 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A247 , R 2 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A257 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A267 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A248 , R 2 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A258 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A268 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A272 , L A673 , L A277 , L A278 ,
L A282 , L A683 , L A287 , L A288 ,
L A292 , L A293 , L A297 , L A298 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A272 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A282 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A292 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A273 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A283 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A293 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A277 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A287 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A297 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A278 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A288 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A298 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A302 , L A303 , L A307 , L A308 ,
L A312 , L A313 , L A317 , L A318 ,
L A322 , L A323 , L A327 , L A328 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
formula
wherein
wherein
wherein
in L A302 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A312 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A322 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A303 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A313 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A323 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A307 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A317 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A327 , R 3 = R A2 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A308 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A318 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
in L A328 , R 3 = R A3 , R 1 = R B2 ,
L A339 , L A340 ,
L A341 , L A3442 ,
each represented by the
each represented by the
formula
formula
wherein in L A339 , R 1 = R B1 ,
wherein L A341 , R 1 = R B1 ,
in L A340 , R 1 = R B2 , and
in L A342 , R 1 = R B2 ;
wherein R A2 to R A3 have the following structures:
wherein R B1 and R B2 have the following structures:
12. The first compound of claim 11 , wherein the first compound is selected from the group consisting of Compound 1 through Compound 1,768; where each Compound x has the formula Ir(L Ak ) 2 (L Bj ); wherein x=136j+k−136, k is an integer from 1 to 136, and j is an integer from 1 to 13;
wherein L B1 through L B13 are defined as follows:
13. A formulation comprising a first compound of claim 1 .
14. A first organic light emitting device comprising:
an anode;
a cathode; and
an organic layer, disposed between the anode and the cathode, comprising a first compound;
wherein the first compound is capable of functioning as a phosphorescent emitter in an organic light emitting device at room temperature;
wherein the first compound has at least one aromatic ring and at least one substituent R;
wherein each of the at least one R is an organic group having at least one X—F bond;
wherein each X is independently selected from the group consisting of Si, and Ge;
wherein each of the at least one R is directly bonded to one of the aromatic rings; and
wherein each X is separated by at least one carbon atom from the aromatic ring.
15. The first organic light emitting device of claim 14 , wherein the first organic light emitting device is incorporated into a device selected from the group consisting of a consumer product, an electronic component module, an organic light-emitting device, and a lighting panel.
16. The first organic light emitting device of claim 14 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a host, wherein the host comprises at least one chemical group selected from the group consisting of triphenylene, carbazole, dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, dibenzoselenophene, azatriphenylene, azacarbazole, aza-dibenzothiophene, aza-dibenzofuran, and aza-dibenzoselenophene.
17. The first organic light emitting device of claim 14 , wherein the organic layer further comprises a host and the host is selected from the group consisting of:
and combinations thereof.