Carbonate pigments, and methods for making and using the same
Carbonate pigment compositions are provided. In some instances, the pigment compositions are CO2 sequestering pigment compositions. Also provided are methods of making and using the pigment compositions, e.g., in paints and coatings, as well as other applications.
1. A carbonate pigment composition, wherein the carbonate pigment composition is a CO 2 sequestering material having an isotopic profile that identifies the composition as being of fossil fuel origin, that is prepared by:
contacting a CO 2 containing gas comprising anthropogenic CO 2 with a bicarbonate buffered aqueous medium having a pH that ranges from 8 to 10 under conditions sufficient to produce a bicarbonate rich product that comprises droplets of a liquid condensed phase (LCP) in a bulk liquid; and
precipitating a microcrystalline carbonate from the bicarbonate rich product by combining the bicarbonate rich product with a cation source to produce the carbonate pigment composition.
2. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the carbonate pigment composition is a white pigment composition.
3. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a transition metal carbonate.
4. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 3 , wherein the transition metal of the transition metal carbonate is a period 4 transition metal.
5. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 4 , wherein the period 4 transition metal is selected from the group consisting of Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Co, Zn.
6. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 3 , wherein the composition comprises two or more distinct transition metal carbonates.
7. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition is a granular composition.
8. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the CO 2 sequestering material comprises microcrystalline carbonate having a crystal size ranging from 0.001 μm to 100 μm.
9. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 7 , wherein the granular composition comprises a non-carbonate pigment core coated with the carbonate pigment composition.
10. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition exhibits an average transmittance from 400 to 700 nm that is 56.5 or less.
11. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the composition exhibits a total surface reflectance ranging from 0.40 to 0.98.
12. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 , wherein the CO 2 containing gas is a waste stream from an industrial plant.
13. The carbonate pigment composition according to claim 12 , wherein the waste stream is a flue gas.
14. The carbonate pigment coating composition according to claim 3 , the composition further comprising: a vehicle component.
15. A photovoltaic device comprising:
a solar cell; and
a backsheet comprising a carbonate layer comprising a carbonate pigment composition according to claim 1 .
16. A method of producing a carbonate pigment composition, the method comprising:
contacting a CO 2 containing gas comprising anthropogenic CO 2 with a bicarbonate buffered aqueous medium having a pH that ranges from 8 to 10 to produce a bicarbonate rich product that comprises droplets of a liquid condensed phase (LCP) in a bulk liquid; and
precipitating a microcrystalline carbonate from the bicarbonate rich product by combining the bicarbonate rich product with a cation source;
to produce a carbonate pigment composition that is a CO 2 sequestering material having an isotopic profile that identifies the composition as being of fossil fuel origin.
17. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the precipitating occurs in the presence of a transition metal.
18. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the CO 2 containing gas is a waste stream from an industrial plant.
19. The method according to claim 16 , further comprising a curing step.
20. The method according to claim 16 , wherein the method produces an amount of CO 2 from the bicarbonate rich product.