Antiviral material, antiviral film, antiviral fiber, and antiviral product
In one embodiment, an antiviral material includes at least one microparticles selected from tungsten oxide microparticles and tungsten oxide composite microparticles. The microparticles have an inactivation effect R of 1 or more expressed by [R=log C−log A], when there is evaluated a virus titer by inoculating on a specimen to which the microparticles are adhered, at least one virus selected from a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (H9N2), a high pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) and a swine influenza virus, and irradiating the specimen with visible light having a wavelength of 380 nm or more and illuminance of 6000 lx. for 24 hours.
1. An antiviral film, comprising:
tungsten oxide microparticles having a mean primary particle diameter (D50) in a range of 5.5 to 75 nm, the mean primary particle diameter (D50) being a D50 diameter of integrated diameter with reference of volumes of 50 pieces or more of microparticles extracted from an image analysis of a SEM or TEM photograph of the microparticles; and
an inorganic binder for binding the tungsten oxide microparticles, a content of the inorganic binder in the antiviral film being from 5 to 95 mass %, and the inorganic binder being made only of an amorphous metal oxide,
wherein in a X-ray diffraction chart when the tungsten oxide microparticles are measured by X-ray diffractometry, an intensity ratio of a peak A to a peak D (A/D) and an intensity ratio of a peak B to the peak D (B/D) are in a range of 0.7 to 2.0, and an intensity ratio of a peak C to the peak D (C/D) is in a range of 0.5 to 2.5, wherein the peak A is a peak existing in 2θ range from 22.8 to 23.4°, the peak B is a peak existing in 2θ range from 23.4 to 23.8°, the peak C is a peak existing in 2θ range from 24.0 to 24.25°, and the peak D is a peak existing in 26 range from 24.25 to 24.5°,
wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles contain 15% or more of microparticles having a primary particle diameter of 40 nm or less,
wherein a thickness of the antiviral film is in a range of from 2 to 400 nm, and
wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles have an inactivation effect R of 2 or more, as expressed by following:
R =log C −log A
wherein C denotes a virus titer tissue culture infective dose (TCID50) obtained after irradiating an unprocessed specimen with visible light for 24 hours, and A denotes a virus titer TCID50 obtained when the specimen is tested in the following manner:
a) said microparticles are adhered to a specimen in a range of 0.01 mg/cm 2 to 40 mg/cm 2 ;
b) the specimen from step (a) is inoculated by a virus titer, wherein said virus is selected from a pathogenic avian influenza virus H9N2, H5N1, and a swine influenza virus;
c) said inoculated specimen from step (b) is irradiated with visible light having a wavelength of 380 nm or more and an illuminance of 6000 lx for 24 hours using a white fluorescent lamp and an ultraviolet cutting filter, and then evaluated for antibacterial activity of photocatalytic products under photoirradiation by Test method JIS-R-1702 (2006).
2. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the amorphous metal oxide contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, titanium, aluminum, tungsten, and zirconium.
3. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles have a BET specific surface area in a range of 16 to 300 m 2 /g.
4. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles have at least one crystal structure selected from a monoclinic crystal of tungsten trioxide and a triclinic crystal of tungsten trioxide, or a crystal structure in which a rhombic crystal of tungsten trioxide is mixed with at least one selected from the monoclinic crystal and the triclinic crystal.
5. An antiviral product, comprising:
a substrate; and
the antiviral film according to claim 1 , provided on the substrate.
6. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles have a mean primary particle diameter (D50) in a range of 5.5 to 51 nm.
7. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles contain 80% or more of the microparticles having the primary particle diameter of 40 nm or less.
8. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles are included in a range of 0.01 mg/cm 2 to 40 mg/cm 2 in the antiviral film.
9. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles have a crystal structure in which a rhombic crystal of tungsten trioxide is mixed with at least one selected from a monoclinic crystal of tungsten trioxide and a triclinic crystal of tungsten trioxide.
10. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the tungsten oxide microparticles have a crystal structure in which a rhombic crystal of tungsten trioxide is mixed with a monoclinic crystal of tungsten trioxide and a triclinic crystal of tungsten trioxide.
11. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the amorphous metal oxide contains at least one element selected from the group consisting of titanium, aluminum, tungsten, and zirconium.
12. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic binder is made only of at least one selected from the group consisting of colloidal silica, alumina sol, titania sol, and zirconia sol.
13. The antiviral film according to claim 1 , wherein the inorganic binder is made of at least one selected from the group consisting of alumina sol, titania sol, and zirconia sol.