Illumination apparatus
An illumination apparatus comprises a plurality of LEDs aligned to an array of directional optical elements wherein the LEDs are substantially at the input aperture of respective optical elements. An electrode array is formed on the array of optical elements to provide at least a first electrical connection to the array of LED elements. Advantageously such an arrangement provides low cost and high efficiency from the directional LED array.
1. A method of manufacturing an illumination apparatus, the method comprising:
forming a non-monolithic array of a plurality of light emitting elements on a support substrate;
measuring a combined spectral output for at least some of a first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements in a first region of the support substrate;
aligning a first wavelength conversion layer with the first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region, the first wavelength conversion layer having a first spectral characteristic based on the measured combined spectral output from the at least some of the first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region;
measuring a combined spectral output for at least some of a second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements in a second region of the support substrate; and
aligning at least a second wavelength conversion layer with the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region, the second wavelength conversion layer having a second spectral characteristic based on the measured combined spectral output from the at least some of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region.
2. The method according to claim 1 , wherein:
the aligning of the first wavelength conversion layer with the first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region provides a first region average white point;
the aligning of the second wavelength conversion layer with the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region provides a second region average white point; and
the first region average white point and the second region average white point are substantially the same.
3. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first spectral characteristic of the first wavelength conversion layer is different than the second spectral characteristic of the second wavelength conversion layer.
4. The method according to claim 1 , the method further comprising:
selecting a thickness of the first wavelength conversion layer based on the measured combined spectral output from the at least some of the first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region; and
selecting a thickness of the second wavelength conversion layer based on the measured combined spectral output from the at least some of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region.
5. The method according to claim 4 , further comprising:
varying a solvent fraction of each of the first wavelength conversion layer and the second wavelength conversion layer to obtain the selected different thicknesses of the respective first wavelength conversion layer and the second wavelength conversion layer.
6. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the illumination apparatus is for display illumination.
7. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the illumination apparatus is a display.
8. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of light emitting elements have a maximum dimension of 0.1 mm or less.
9. The method according to claim 1 , wherein the first wavelength conversion layer and the second wavelength conversion layer are each aligned prior to a dicing of the substrate and a singulation of the plurality of light emitting elements in the first region and the second region.
10. A method of manufacturing an illumination apparatus, the method comprising:
forming a non-monolithic array of a plurality of light-emitting elements on a support substrate;
measuring a combined spectral output for at least some of a first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements in a first region of the support substrate;
aligning a first wavelength conversion layer with at least some of the first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region, the first wavelength conversion layer having a first spectral characteristic based on the measured combined spectral output from the at least some of the first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region;
measuring a combined spectral output for at least some of a second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements in a second region of the support substrate; and
aligning at least a second wavelength conversion layer with at least some of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region,
wherein the number of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region that are aligned with the second wavelength conversion layer is adjusted based on the measured combined spectral output from the at least some of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region.
11. An illumination apparatus, comprising:
a non-monolithic array of a plurality of light-emitting elements on a support substrate;
a first wavelength conversion layer in alignment with a first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements associated with a first region of the support substrate, the first wavelength conversion layer having a first spectral characteristic based on a measured combined spectral output from at least some of the first sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region; and
at least a second wavelength conversion layer in alignment with at least some of a second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements associated with a second region of the support substrate, the second wavelength conversion layer having a second spectral characteristic based on a measured combined spectral output from at least some of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements of the second region.
12. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the plurality of light emitting elements have a maximum dimension of 0.1 mm or less.
13. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the apparatus is for display illumination.
14. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the apparatus is a display.
15. The apparatus according to claim 11 , further comprising catadioptric optical elements.
16. The apparatus according to claim 15 , wherein the catadioptric optical elements cooperate with the array of the plurality of light emitting elements to provide directional illumination of a display with cone angle below 30 degrees.
17. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the thickness of the first wavelength conversion layer is different than the thickness of the second wavelength conversion layer.
18. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the first wavelength conversion layer and the second wavelength conversion layer are each aligned prior to a dicing of the substrate and a singulation of the plurality of light emitting elements of the first region and the second region.
19. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the number of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements associated with the second region that are aligned with the second wavelength conversion layer is based on the measured combined spectral output from the at least some of the second sub-plurality of the plurality of light emitting elements associated with the second region.
20. The apparatus according to claim 11 , wherein the first spectral characteristic of the first wavelength conversion layer is different than the second spectral characteristic of the second wavelength conversion layer, the first spectral characteristic is based on a first region average white point for the first region and the second spectral characteristic is based on a second region average white point for the second region.