Method for annulus spacer detection in nuclear reactors
The present invention provides an apparatus for detecting and/or repositioning annulus spacers used to maintain the position of a pressure tube within a calandria tube of a nuclear reactor. The method comprises the steps of: vibrationally isolating a section of the pressure tube; vibrating the wall of said pressure tube within said isolated section; detecting vibration of the wall at a minimum of two axial positions within said isolated sections; and detecting the reduction in vibration level of the wall at one or more of said axial positions in comparison to the remaining axial positions. The apparatus comprises a tool head to be inserted into the pressure tube, the tool head comprising a first end and a second and a clamping block m each of said ends. The clamping blocks are used to vibrationally isolate a section of the pressure tube located between said ends. The apparatus also comprises piezo-actuators operable to vibrate said pressure tube; and accelerometers used for measuring vibration of said pressure tube.
1. A method of detecting an annulus spacer having an inner cylindrical surface in contact with an inner tube and an outer cylindrical surface in contact with a generally coaxial outer tube, which method comprises the steps of:
(a) vibrationally isolating a section of the inner tube;
(b) vibrating a wall of said inner tube within said isolated section;
(c) detecting vibration of the wall at a minimum of two axial positions within said isolated section;
(d) detecting a reduction in vibration level of the wall at one or more of said axial positions in comparison to the remaining axial position(s), and
(e) making a determination that the reduction in vibration level indicates a presence of the annulus spacer at the axial position at which said reduction in vibration was detected.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of vibrating the wall of said inner tube uses vibrations at a natural frequency of the inner tube.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of vibrationally isolating the section of the inner tube comprises applying pressure to the inner surface of the wall of the inner tube at a first and a second position, the first and second positions defining the boundaries of said vibrationally isolated section.
4. The method of claim 3 , wherein said step of vibrating the wall of said inner tube uses vibrations at a natural frequency of the inner tube.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein said step of vibrating the wall of said inner tube uses vibrations in a frequency range of 100 Hz to 1500 Hz.
6. The method of claim 5 , wherein the vibrations are at a frequency of 400 Hz, or 625 Hz or 1096 Hz.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein said detecting step includes calculating a frequency response ratio of the measured vibrational frequency at the top and bottom of said inner tube at each of said one or more axial positions.
8. The method of claim 7 , wherein said step of vibrationally isolating the section of the inner tube comprises applying pressure to the inner surface of the wall of the inner tube at a first and a second position, the first and second positions defining the boundaries of said vibrationally isolated section.
9. The method of claim 8 , wherein said detecting step further includes detecting a decrease in the frequency response ratio and making a determination that said decrease in the frequency response ratio indicates the presence of the annulus spacer at the axial position at which said decrease in the frequency response ratio was detected.
10. The method of claim 7 , wherein said detecting step further includes detecting a decrease in the frequency response ratio and wherein said decrease in the frequency response ratio is indicative of the presence of the annulus spacer at the axial position at which said decrease in the frequency response ratio was detected.