Implantable electrostimulator for improving blood flow
Apparatus includes an implant and an introducer. The implant includes an injectable housing, an electrode disposed on an outer surface of the housing, and circuitry. The circuitry is configured to alternate between a first mode in which the circuitry drives the electrode to apply a first electrical current having a frequency of 1-100 Hz, and a second mode in which the implant applies a second electrical current having a frequency of 1-10 kHz. The introducer includes a tube that defines a lumen and is percutaneously-advanceable into tissue of the subject, the lumen being dimensioned to at least temporarily house the implant. The introducer is configured to deploy the implant from a distal end of the lumen by moving the implant and the distal end of the lumen relative to each other. Other embodiments are also described.
1. Apparatus for treating a subject who suffers from both peripheral artery occlusive disease and polyneuropathy, the apparatus comprising:
an implant, comprising:
an injectable housing,
an electrode disposed on an outer surface of the housing, and
circuitry, configured:
(i) with a first mode in which the circuitry drives the electrode to apply a first electrical current having a frequency of 1-100 Hz,
(ii) with a second mode in which the implant applies a second electrical current having a frequency of 1-10 kHz, and
(iii) to alternate the implant between the first mode and the second mode; and
an introducer:
comprising a tube defining a lumen, the tube being percutaneously-advanceable into tissue of the subject, and the lumen dimensioned to at least temporarily house the implant, and
configured to deploy the implant from a distal end of the lumen by moving the implant and the distal end of the lumen relative to each other.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the implant further comprises a temperature sensor, configured to detect a temperature of the tissue, and wherein the circuitry is configured to drive the electrode to apply the first electrical current in response to the detected temperature being below a threshold temperature.
3. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the implant further comprises a pressure sensor, configured to detect a pressure within the tissue, and the circuitry is configured to drive the electrode to apply the first electrical current at least in part responsively to the detected pressure.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the pressure comprises a pulse pressure, and the circuitry is configured to drive the electrode to apply the first electrical current at least in part responsively to the detected pulse pressure.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the implant further comprises an oximeter, configured to detect an oxygen saturation within the tissue, and the circuitry is configured to drive the electrode to apply the first electrical current at least in part responsively to the detected oxygen saturation.
6. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the first mode for a first-mode duration of 1-30 minutes.
7. The apparatus according to claim 6 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the first mode for a first-mode duration of 2-20 minutes.
8. The apparatus according to claim 7 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the first mode for a first-mode duration of 5-15 minutes.
9. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the second mode for a second-mode duration of 1-30 minutes.
10. The apparatus according to claim 9 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the second mode for a second-mode duration of 2-20 minutes.
11. The apparatus according to claim 10 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the second mode for a second-mode duration of 5-15 minutes.
12. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the first mode for a first-mode duration, and to remain in the second mode for a second-mode duration that is the same as the first-mode duration.
13. The apparatus according to claim 1 , wherein the circuitry is configured to remain in the first mode for a first-mode duration, and to remain in the second mode for a second-mode duration that is different from the first-mode duration.