Man-made vitreous fibres
The invention provides a method of manufacture of man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) comprising: providing a fiberizing apparatus, wherein the fiberizing apparatus comprises: a set of at least three rotors each mounted for rotation about a different substantially horizontal axis; wherein each rotor has a driving means; rotating the rotors; wherein the first rotor rotates to give an acceleration field of from 25 to 60 km/s 2 and the second and third rotors each rotate to give an acceleration field of at least 125 km/s 2 , providing a mineral melt, wherein the melt has a composition comprising the following, expressed by wt of oxides: SiO 2 in an amount of from 33 to 45 wt %, Al 2 O 3 in an amount of from 16 to 24 wt %, an amount of K 2 O and/or Na 2 O, an amount of CaO and/or MgO, wherein the ratio of the amount of Al 2 O 3 to the amount of SiO 2 is in the range 0.34-0.73, wherein the ratio of the total amount of K 2 O and Na 2 O, to the total amount of CaO and MgO, is less than 1; pouring the melt on to the periphery of the first rotor; wherein melt poured on to the periphery of the first rotor in the set is thrown on to the periphery of the subsequent rotors in turn and fibers are thrown off the rotors; and collecting the fibers that are formed. Man-made vitreous fibers (MMVF) can thus be formed having a median length of 100 to 300 μm, a median diameter of not more than 2.5 μm, and wherein the ratio of the median fiber length to median fiber diameter is 25 to 500.
1. A method of manufacture of man-made vitreous fibres (MMVF) comprising:
providing a fiberising apparatus, wherein the fiberising apparatus comprises:
a set of at least four rotors each mounted for rotation about a different substantially horizontal axis;
wherein each rotor has a driving means;
rotating the rotors;
wherein the first rotor rotates to give an acceleration field of from 25 to 29 km/s 2 ,
wherein the second rotor rotates to give an acceleration field of about 125 km/s 2 ,
wherein the third rotor rotates to give an acceleration field of about 150 km/s 2 ,
wherein the fourth rotor rotates to give an acceleration field of about 225 to km/s 2 ,
providing a mineral melt, wherein the melt has a composition comprising the following, expressed by weight of oxides:
SiO 2 in an amount of from 33 to 45 weight %,
Al 2 O 3 in an amount of from 16 to 24 weight %,
an amount of K 2 O and/or Na 2 O,
an amount of CaO and/or MgO,
wherein the ratio of the amount of Al 2 O 3 to the amount of SiO 2 is in the range 0.34-0.73,
wherein the ratio of the total amount of K 2 O and Na 2 O, to the total amount of CaO and MgO, is less than 1;
pouring the melt on to the periphery of the first rotor;
wherein melt poured on to the periphery of the first rotor in the set is thrown on to the periphery of the subsequent rotors in turn and fibres are thrown off the rotors; and
collecting the fibres that are formed;
wherein the fibres that are formed have a range of variation of the fibre diameter less than 3.8 μm, defined as the 84% quantile minus the 16% quantile.
2. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the melt has a composition comprising the following, expressed by weight of oxides:
SiO 2 in an amount of from 33 to 45 weight %,
Al 2 O 3 in an amount of from 16 to 24 weight %,
TiO 2 in an amount of from 0 to 3 weight %,
Fe 2 O 3 in an amount of from 6 to 11 weight %,
CaO and MgO in a total amount of from 23 to 33 weight %, and
K 2 O and Na 2 O in a total amount of 1 to 6 weight %.
3. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the fiberising apparatus comprises four rotors.
4. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the axes of the first and second rotors are arranged such that a line drawn from the axis of the first rotor to the axis of the second rotor makes an angle of from 0 to 20°, below the horizontal.
5. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the ratio of the diameter of the last rotor to the diameter of the first rotor is from 1.1:1 to 1.5:1.
6. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the first rotor has a diameter of 120 to 250 mm, and the final rotor has a greater diameter of 180 to 330 mm.
7. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising providing a fiberising chamber and collector means comprising a conveyor in the base of the chamber; collecting the blown fibres as a web and carrying them away from the set of rotors.
8. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the temperature of the surface of the periphery of the first rotor is at least 100° C. higher than the temperature of the surface of the periphery of the fourth rotor.
9. A method according to claim 1 , wherein the melt is provided on to the periphery of the first rotor at a temperature of 1450 to 1575° C., preferably 1480 to 1550° C.
10. A method according to claim 1 , further comprising the step of mixing the collected fibres with a binder composition and curing said binder composition, thereby forming a bonded MMVF product.