RF energy application based on electromagnetic feedback

1. An apparatus for processing an object in a cavity by application of radio frequency (RF) energy via a plurality of radiating elements, the apparatus comprising:

a source of RF energy, configured to supply RF energy to the plurality of radiating elements at controlled frequencies and phase differences;

a phase modulator;

a controller configured to:

control the phase modulator to determine the phase differences among the RF energy supplied to the plurality of radiating elements; and

cause the source of RF energy to apply a first amount of RF energy to the cavity at a first plurality of excitation setups by applying RF energy via the plurality of the radiating elements at a common frequency and during overlapping time durations at the determined phase differences;

at least one detector connected to the plurality of radiating elements; and

said at least one detector being configured to detect, for each radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements, a parameter indicative of a relation between power output from the cavity to each radiating element and power input from each radiating element to the cavity;

wherein the controller is further configured to:

select at least one excitation setup not included in the first plurality of excitation setups based on the parameters detected by the at least one detector during the application of the first amount of RF energy; and

cause the source to apply a second amount of RF energy to the cavity at the selected at least one excitation setup.

2. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the apparatus is devoid of a phase detector.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the source allows the controller to control the frequency of RF energy supplied by the source to each of the radiating elements, and further control

a phase difference between RF signals supplied by the source to different ones of the radiating elements.

4. The apparatus of claim 3 , wherein the source allows the controller to control an amplitude ratio or amplitude difference between RF signals supplied by the source to different ones of the radiating elements during overlapping time periods.

5. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the source allows the controller to control the frequency of RF energy supplied by the source to each of the radiating elements, and further control an amplitude ratio or amplitude difference between RF signals supplied by the source to different ones of the radiating elements during overlapping time periods.

6. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the controller is configured to:

determine a control parameter for each excitation setup included in a second plurality of excitation setups based on indications of detected parameters received from the detector for the first plurality of excitation setups; and

select the at least one excitation setup not included in the first plurality of excitation setups based on determined control parameters.

7. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the control parameter is a scattering parameter.

8. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the control parameter is a dissipation ratio.

9. The apparatus of claim 6 , wherein the controller is configured to determine each control parameter by analytic calculations based on the parameters detected by the detector.

10. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein at least two of the plurality of radiating elements are configured to operate in a receiving mode and in an emitting mode.

11. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein, when one of the plurality of radiating elements operates in a receiving mode another of the plurality of radiating elements operates in an emitting mode.

12. The apparatus of claim 1 , wherein the parameter is at least one of:

a scalar parameter;

a measured parameter; and

a calculated parameter.

13. A microwave heating apparatus for processing an object in a cavity by application of radio frequency (RF) energy, the apparatus comprising:

a plurality of radiating elements disposed inside the cavity;

a source of RF energy, configured to supply RF energy to the plurality of radiating elements at controlled frequencies and phase differences;

a phase modulator;

a controller configured to:

control the phase modulator to determine the phase differences among the RF energy supplied to the plurality of radiating elements; and

cause the source of RF energy to apply a first amount of RF energy to the cavity at a first plurality of excitation setups by applying RF energy via the plurality of the radiating elements at a common frequency and during overlapping time durations at the determined phase differences; and

each of the plurality of radiating elements being connected to at least one detector that is configured to detect, for each radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements, a parameter indicative of a relation between power output from the cavity to the radiating element and power input from the radiating element to the cavity;

wherein the controller is further configured to:

select at least one excitation setup not included in the first plurality of excitation setups based on the parameters detected by the at least one detector during the application of the first amount of RF energy; and

cause the source to apply a second amount of RF energy to the cavity at the selected at least one excitation setup.

14. The apparatus of claim 13 , wherein the parameter is at least one of:

a scalar parameter;

a measured parameter; and

a calculated parameter.

15. An apparatus for processing an object in a cavity by application of radio frequency (RF) energy via a plurality of radiating elements, the apparatus comprising:

a source of RF energy, configured to supply RF energy to the plurality of radiating elements at controlled frequencies and phase differences;

a phase modulator;

a controller configured to:

control the phase modulator to determine the phase differences among the RF energy supplied to the plurality of radiating elements; and

cause the source of RF energy to apply RF energy to the cavity at a first plurality of excitation setups by applying the first amount of RF energy via the plurality of the radiating elements at a common frequency and during overlapping time durations at the determined phase differences;

at least one detector connected to the plurality of radiating elements; and

said at least one detector being configured to detect, for each radiating element of the plurality of radiating elements, a parameter indicative of a relation between power output from the cavity to each radiating element and power input from each radiating element to the cavity;

wherein the controller is further configured to:

select at least one excitation setup not included in the first plurality of excitation setups based on the parameters detected by the at least one detector during the application of the first amount of RF energy; and

cause the source to apply a second amount of RF energy to the cavity at the selected at least one excitation setup, and

wherein each said excitation setup is associated with a dissipation ratio indicative of a ratio of power absorbed by the object in the cavity to power supplied to the plural radiating elements.

16. The apparatus of claim 15 , wherein the parameter is at least one of:

a scalar parameter;

a measured parameter; and

a calculated parameter.