Fermentation methods for producing steviol glycosides using high pH and compositions obtained therefrom
Disclosed are methods for producing steviol glycosides, such as rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M, using engineered yeast. In some embodiments, the methods include fermenting with a yeast at a high pH such as of about 5.8 or greater. In some embodiments, the methods can be carried out by first growing the yeast at a lower first pH, and then adjusting the pH to a higher pH.
1. A method for producing steviol glycoside, comprising:
(a) growing engineered yeast in a first medium at a first pH, wherein the engineered yeast are capable of producing one or more steviol glycoside(s);
wherein the first pH is less than 5.5;
(b) adding a composition to the first medium to provide a second medium with a second pH that is greater than the first pH;
wherein the second pH is in the range of 5.8 to 8; and
(c) fermenting the second medium with the engineered yeast to produce the one or more steviol glycoside(s) in the second medium at the second pH,
wherein the one or more steviol glycosides comprise rebaudioside D and rebaudioside M;
wherein the engineered yeast produce a ratio of rebaudioside D to rebaudioside M in step (b) at the second pH that is at least 25% greater than a ratio of rebaudioside D to rebaudioside M produced when engineered yeast are maintained at the first pH throughout fermentation.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first pH is in the range of 4.0 to 5.5.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pH is in the range of 5.8 to 7.5.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pH is in the range of 6.5 to 7.5.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pH is in the range of 5.8 to 6.5.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the second pH is in the range of 5.8 to 6.2.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the composition comprises a nitrogen-containing compound selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, yeast extract, urea, and ammonium sulfate.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein a nitrogen source comprising 90% (wt) or greater ammonium hydroxide, ammonium sulfate, or urea is used for fermentation of the engineered yeast in the second medium.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein, in step (b), the composition comprises a non-nitrogen base selected from the group consisting of potassium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the first medium comprises glucose at a concentration of not greater than 25 g/L.
11. The method of claim 1 wherein, in step (b), the second medium comprises glucose at a concentration in the range of 400 g/L to 750 g/L.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) is performed at a time of 2 hours or later from an initial culturing of the engineered yeast.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) is performed at a time of 10 hours or later, and up to 96 hours, from an initial culturing of the engineered yeast.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein step (b) is performed at a time of 24 hours or later, and up to 72 hours, from an initial culturing of the engineered yeast.
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered yeast produce an amount of the one or more steviol glycoside(s) in step (b) at the second pH that is 10% or greater than an amount of the one or more steviol glycoside(s) produced when engineered yeast are maintained at the first pH throughout fermentation.
16. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of rebaudioside D to rebaudioside M in step (b) is 1:20 or greater.
17. The method of claim 1 , wherein the ratio of rebaudioside D to rebaudioside M in step (b) is in the range of 1:20 to 1:1.
18. The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered yeast is selected from the group consisting of Candida, Kloeckera ( Hanseniaspora ), Kluyveromyces, Lipomyces, Pichia ( Hansenula ), Rhodotorula, Saccharomycete, Saccharomyces, Schizosaccharomyces, Torulopsis, Torulaspora, Yarrowia , and Zygosaccharomyces.
19. The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered yeast is Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
20. The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered yeast expresses one or more exogenous nucleic acid(s) encoding one or more of the following proteins heterologous to the yeast: GGPPS polypeptide, an ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase (CDPS) polypeptide, a kaurene oxidase (KO) polypeptide, a kaurene synthase (KS) polypeptide; a steviol synthase (KAH) polypeptide, a cytochrome P450 reductase (CPR) polypeptide, a UGT74G1 polypeptide, a UGT76G1 polypeptide, a UGT91-D2 polypeptide, and a EUGT11 polypeptide.
21. The method of claim 1 , wherein the engineered yeast expresses one or more exogenous nucleic acid(s) encoding one or more of the following proteins heterologous to the yeast: a GGPPS polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 6), a truncated Zea mays CDPS polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 7), an Arabidopsis thaliana KS polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 8), a Stevia rebaudiana KO polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 9), an Arabidopsis thaliana ATR2 polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 11), an Oryza sativa EUGT 11 polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 13), a SrKAHe1 polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 14), a Stevia rebaudiana CPR8 polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 16), an Stevia rebaudiana UGT85C2 (SEQ ID NO: 2), polypeptide, an Stevia rebaudiana UGT74G1 polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 1), a Stevia rebaudiana UGT76G1 polypeptide (SEQ ID NO: 3), a Stevia rebaudiana UGT91D2 (SEQ ID NO: 4), variant or functional homolog, and a UGT91D2e-b polypeptide (SEQ ID NO:5).