Flexible radio frequency coil array with detachable straps for MR imaging

1. A radio frequency (RF) coil array assembly for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, comprising:

a compressible body;

an upper posterior RF coil array comprising a first plurality of RF coils embedded in the compressible body;

a lower posterior RF coil array comprising a second plurality of RF coils embedded in the compressible body; and

a head and neck RF coil array removably coupled to the upper posterior RF coil array, the head and neck RF coil array comprising:

a third plurality of RF coils embedded in the compressible body;

one or more neck straps integrated with the compressible body configured to fold over a neck of a subject to be imaged by the MRI system;

wherein each RF coil of the first plurality of RF coils, the second plurality of RF coils, and the third plurality of RF coils includes a distributed capacitance loop portion comprising two distributed capacitance wire conductors absent any discrete or lumped components.

2. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the upper posterior RF coil array is configured to cover an upper torso of the subject to be imaged by the MRI system and the lower posterior RF coil array is configured to cover a lower torso of the subject.

3. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the head and neck RF coil array is molded to conform to a back of a head and neck of the subject to be imaged by the MRI system, and the upper posterior RF coil array and lower posterior RF coil array are rectangular in shape.

4. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the one or more neck straps include a fourth plurality of RF coils, where each RF coil of each fourth plurality of RF coils includes two distributed capacitance wire conductors.

5. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein each RF coil further comprises a coupling electronics which includes: a decoupling circuit, an impedance inverter circuit, and a pre-amplifier, wherein the impedance inverter circuit comprises an impedance matching network and an input balun, the pre-amplifier comprises a low input impedance pre-amplifier optimized for high source impedance, and the impedance matching network provides the high source impedance.

6. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein one or more grooves are formed in the compressible body to accommodate the first, second, and third pluralities of coils.

7. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , further comprising one or more respiratory motion detection RF coils embedded in the compressible body and configured to detect respiratory motion of the subject.

8. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the compressible body is made of memory foam.

9. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the head and neck RF arrays further comprises a head support section and a neck support section.

10. The RF coil array assembly of claim 9 , further comprising an upper back support section.

11. The RF coil array assembly of claim 9 , wherein the head support section comprises a first sidewall and a second sidewall that curve upward to surround the head of the subject to by imaged by the MRI system.

12. A pad for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, the pad comprising:

a compressible base layer configured to support a body of a subject to be imaged by the MRI system;

a moldable head support on the base layer configured to conform to the contours of the body of the subject thereby confining a head of the subject; and

a radio frequency (RF) coil array embedded within the base layer and configured to detect magnetic resonance (MR) signals of the subject, each RF coil in the RF coil array including two distributed capacitance wire conductors absent any discrete or lumped components, wherein the RF coil array adapts its shape according to a load of the subject.

13. The pad of claim 12 , further comprising one or more respiratory motion detection coils embedded in the compressible base layer and configured to detect respiratory motion of the subject.

14. The pad of claim 12 , wherein the moldable head support is made of a moldable gel that is moldable into and retains a desired shape.

15. The pad of claim 12 , further comprising a cover layer attached to the top surface of the base layer and covering the head support.

16. The pad of claim 12 , wherein the head support is semi-ring shaped.

17. A pad for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system, the pad comprising:

a compressible body including a central portion and two side portions each extending from the central portion at an angle; and

a radio frequency (RF) coil array embedded in the central portion and configured to detect magnetic resonance (MR) signals of a subject to be imaged by the MRI system, each RF coil in the RF coil array including two distributed capacitance wire conductors absent any discrete or lumped components, wherein the RF coil array adapts its shape according to a load of the subject.

18. The pad of claim 17 , wherein the central portion is configured to support a body of the subject and the two side portions are configured to confine the body.

19. The pad of claim 17 , wherein compressible body is U-shaped.

20. The pad of claim 17 , wherein further comprising one or more respiratory motion detection coils embedded in the central portion and configured to detect respiratory motion of the subject.

21. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the two distributed capacitance wire conductors are encapsulated and separated by a dielectric material, the two distributed capacitance wire conductors are maintained separate by the dielectric material along an entire length of the distributed capacitance loop portion.

22. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the two distributed capacitance wire conductors include cuts, resulting in each conductor being formed of/by two segments.

23. The RF coil array assembly of claim 1 , wherein the two distributed capacitance wire conductors include planar strips.

24. The pad of claim 17 , wherein the RF coil array is further embedded in the two side portions.