Methods for treating a subterranean formation with a foamed acid system
A method for treating a subterranean formation with a foamed acid system is disclosed. The method includes introducing a treatment fluid into the formation. The treatment fluid includes a first solution and a second solution. The first solution includes an ammonium containing compound and an acid. The second solution includes a nitrite containing compound. One or both of the solutions further include a foaming agent. The solutions are mixed within the formation to generate a nitrogen gas. The method further includes, allowing the compounds to generate nitrogen in the presence of the foaming agent to form a foam and generate the foamed acid system within the formation. The acid present in the foamed acid system reacts with soluble substances in the subterranean formation to increase permeability of the subterranean formation and enable enhanced production of reservoir fluids.
1. A method for treating a subterranean formation with a foamed acid system, the method comprising the steps of:
introducing a treatment fluid into the subterranean formation, the treatment fluid comprising a first solution and a second solution, in which:
the first solution is introduced into the subterranean formation through a first tubing and comprises an ammonium containing compound and an acid,
the second solution is introduced into the subterranean formation, separate from the first solution, through a second tubing and comprises a nitrite containing compound,
one or both of the first solution and the second solution further comprises a foaming agent, and
the first solution and the second solution are mixed within the subterranean formation to thereby generate nitrogen (N 2 ) gas; and
allowing the ammonium containing compound and the nitrite containing compound to generate nitrogen gas in the presence of the foaming agent to form a foam and generate the foamed acid system within the subterranean formation,
where the acid present in the foamed acid system reacts with soluble substances in the subterranean formation to increase permeability of the subterranean formation and enable enhanced production of reservoir fluids.
2. The method of claim 1 , in which the second solution comprises the foaming agent.
3. The method of claim 1 , in which the average foam quality of the generated foam comprising the acid and the reaction products of the first solution and the second solution is at least 52%.
4. The method of claim 1 , in which:
the first tubing is a coiled tubing and the second tubing is a production tubing, or
the first tubing is a production tubing and the second tubing is a coiled tubing, or
the first tubing is a first coiled tubing and the second tubing is a second coiled tubing.
5. The method of claim 1 , in which the nitrite containing compound comprises NaNO 2 and the ammonium containing compound comprises NH 4 Cl.
6. The method of claim 5 , in which the molar ratio of NaNO 2 to NH 4 Cl is from 1:1 to 2:1.
7. The method of claim 1 , in which the pH of the treatment fluid is less than or equal to 4.0.
8. The method of claim 1 , in which the foaming agent comprises an acid tolerant surfactant.
9. The method of claim 1 , in which the viscosity of the generated foam comprising the acid and the reaction products of the first solution and the second solution is greater than or equal to 2 cP.
10. The method of claim 1 , in which the soluble substances are minerals within the subterranean formation.
11. The method of claim 10 , in which the minerals dissolved within the subterranean formation comprise one or both of calcite (CaCO 3 ) and dolomite (CaMg(CO 3 ) 2 ).
12. The method of claim 1 , in which the first solution and the second solutions are introduced downhole into the subterranean formation simultaneously as a single solution.
13. The method of claim 1 , in which introducing the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation occurs at a pressure less than the fracturing pressure of the subterranean formation.
14. The method of claim 1 , in which the treatment fluid comprises a fracturing fluid.
15. The method of claim 14 , in which generation of the foamed system within the subterranean formation produces sufficient pressure from volumetric expansion within the subterranean formation to generate fractures in the subterranean formation, the fractures held open with a proppant provided with the fracturing fluid to create a conductive path for production of fluids from the subterranean formation to the wellbore.
16. The method of claim 15 , in which introducing the treatment fluid into the subterranean formation occurs at a pressure greater than the fracturing pressure of the subterranean formation.
17. The method of claim 15 , in which one or both of the first solution and the second solution further comprises at least one fracturing fluid additive.
18. The method of claim 17 , in which the fracturing fluid additive comprises gelling polymer, gelling stabilizer, crosslinker, breaker, or biocide.