Conversion of waste plastic through pyrolysis to high value products like benzene and xylenes
A process for producing benzene and xylenes comprising introducing hydrocarbon liquid stream to hydroprocessor to yield first gas stream and hydrocarbon product (C 5 +); optionally introducing hydrocarbon product to first aromatics separating unit to produce saturated hydrocarbons (C 5 +) and first aromatics stream (C 6 +); feeding hydrocarbon product and/or saturated hydrocarbons to reformer to produce reformer product, second gas stream, and hydrogen stream; introducing reformer product to second aromatics separating unit to produce a non-aromatics recycle stream and second aromatics stream comprising C 6 + aromatics; recycling non-aromatics recycle stream to reformer; introducing first aromatics stream and/or second aromatics stream to third aromatics separating unit to produce first C 6 aromatics (benzene), C 7 aromatics (toluene), C 8 aromatics (xylenesðylbenzene), C 9 aromatics, C 10 aromatics, and C 11 + aromatics; introducing C 7 aromatics, C 9 aromatics, C 10 aromatics, or combinations thereof to disproportionation and transalkylation unit to yield third aromatics stream (benzene and xylenes); and conveying C 11 + aromatics to hydroprocessor.
1. A process for producing benzene and xylenes comprising:
(a) contacting a hydrocarbon liquid stream with a hydroprocessing catalyst in the presence of hydrogen in a hydroprocessing unit to yield a hydrocarbon product and a first gas stream, wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises C 5 + hydrocarbons;
(b) optionally introducing at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product to a first aromatics separating unit to produce a saturated hydrocarbons stream and a first aromatics stream, wherein the saturated hydrocarbons stream comprises C 5 + saturated hydrocarbons, and wherein the first aromatics stream comprises C 6 + aromatic hydrocarbons;
(c) feeding at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product and/or at least a portion of the saturated hydrocarbons stream to a reforming unit to produce a reforming unit product, a second gas stream, and a hydrogen stream, wherein the reforming unit comprises a reforming catalyst, and wherein an amount of C 6 to C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons in the reforming unit product is greater than an amount of C 6 to C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons in the saturated hydrocarbons stream;
(d) introducing at least a portion of the reforming unit product to a second aromatics separating unit to produce a non-aromatics recycle stream and a second aromatics stream, wherein the second aromatics stream comprises C 6 + aromatic hydrocarbons;
(e) recycling at least a portion of the non-aromatics recycle stream to the reforming unit;
(f) introducing at least a portion of the first aromatics stream and/or the second aromatics stream to a third aromatics separating unit to produce a first C 6 aromatics stream, a C 7 aromatics stream, a C 8 aromatics stream, a C 9 aromatics stream, a C 10 aromatics stream, and a C 11 + aromatics stream, wherein the first C 6 aromatics stream comprises benzene, wherein the C 7 aromatics stream comprises toluene, and wherein the C 8 aromatics stream comprises xylenes and ethylbenzene;
(g) contacting at least a portion of the C 7 aromatics stream, at least a portion of the C 9 aromatics stream, at least a portion of the C 10 aromatics stream, or combinations thereof with a disproportionation and transalkylation catalyst in the presence of hydrogen in a disproportionation and transalkylation unit to yield a third aromatics stream, wherein the third aromatics stream comprises benzene and xylenes; and
(h) conveying at least a portion of the C 11 + aromatics stream to the hydroprocessing unit.
2. The process of claim 1 , further comprising converting a plastic waste to the hydrocarbon liquid stream and a pyrolysis gas stream in a pyrolysis unit.
3. The process of claim 2 , further comprising conveying at least a portion of the C 11 + aromatics stream to the pyrolysis unit.
4. The process of claim 1 , further comprising converting a plastic waste to the hydrocarbon liquid stream and a pyrolysis gas stream in a pyrolysis unit, wherein the pyrolysis gas stream, the first gas stream, the second gas stream, or combinations thereof comprise H 2 and C 1 to C 4 hydrocarbons.
5. The process of claim 1 , further comprising recycling at least a portion of the hydrogen stream to the hydroprocessing unit.
6. The process of claim 1 , wherein the step (a) of contacting a hydrocarbon liquid stream with a hydroprocessing catalyst is performed at a temperature of from about 250° C. to about 600° C., and at a pressure of from about 1 barg to about 200 barg.
7. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydroprocessing unit comprises a mild hydrocracking unit.
8. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises equal to or greater than about 90 wt. % C 10 − hydrocarbons, based on the total weight of the hydrocarbon product.
9. The process of claim 1 , wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises less than about 1 wt. % olefins, based on the total weight of the hydrocarbon product.
10. The process of claim 1 , further comprising separating the C 8 aromatics stream into a first xylenes stream and an ethylbenzene stream.
11. The process of claim 10 , further comprising conveying at least a portion of the ethylbenzene stream to the disproportionation and transalkylation unit.
12. The process of claim 1 , further comprising (i) isomerizing at least a portion of the ethylbenzene stream to produce xylenes in an isomerizing unit, wherein the isomerizing unit comprises an isomerization catalyst; and/or (ii) dealkylating at least a portion of the ethylbenzene stream to produce benzene in a dealkylation unit, wherein the dealkylation unit comprises a dealkylation catalyst.
13. The process of claim 1 , wherein a C 9 + aromatic hydrocarbons content of the combined first C 6 aromatics stream, C 8 aromatics stream, and third aromatics stream is less than about 5 wt. %, based on the weight of the combined first C 6 aromatics stream, C 8 aromatics stream, and third aromatics stream.
14. The process of claim 1 , wherein an overall benzene and xylenes yield is equal to or greater than about 40 wt. %.
15. The process of claim 1 , wherein an overall benzene yield is equal to or greater than about 18 wt. %.
16. The process of claim 1 , wherein an overall xylenes yield is equal to or greater than about 20 wt. %.
17. The process of claim 1 , further comprising separating the third aromatics stream into a second C 6 aromatics stream comprising benzene and a second xylenes stream.
18. A process for producing benzene and xylenes comprising:
(a) contacting a hydrocarbon liquid stream with a hydroprocessing catalyst in the presence of hydrogen in a hydroprocessing unit to yield a hydrocarbon product and a first gas stream, wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises C 5 + hydrocarbons;
(b) optionally introducing at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product to a first aromatics separating unit to produce a saturated hydrocarbons stream and a first aromatics stream, wherein the saturated hydrocarbons stream comprises C 5 + saturated hydrocarbons, and wherein the first aromatics stream comprises C 6 + aromatic hydrocarbons;
(c) feeding at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product and/or at least a portion of the saturated hydrocarbons stream to a reforming unit to produce a reforming unit product, a second gas stream, and a hydrogen stream, wherein the reforming unit comprises a reforming catalyst, and wherein an amount of C 6 to C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons in the reforming unit product is greater than an amount of C 6 to C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons in the saturated hydrocarbons stream;
(d) introducing at least a portion of the reforming unit product to a second aromatics separating unit to produce a non-aromatics recycle stream and a second aromatics stream, wherein the second aromatics stream comprises C 6 + aromatic hydrocarbons;
(e) recycling at least a portion of the non-aromatics recycle stream to the reforming unit;
(f) introducing at least a portion of the first aromatics stream and/or the second aromatics stream to a third aromatics separating unit to produce a first C 6 aromatics stream, a C 7 aromatics stream, a C 8 aromatics stream, a C 9 aromatics stream, a C 10 aromatics stream, and a C 11 + aromatics stream, wherein the first C 6 aromatics stream comprises benzene, wherein the C 7 aromatics stream comprises toluene, and wherein the C 8 aromatics stream comprises xylenes and ethylbenzene;
(g) contacting at least a portion of the C 7 aromatics stream, at least a portion of the C 9 aromatics stream, at least a portion of the C 10 aromatics stream, or combinations thereof with a disproportionation and transalkylation catalyst in the presence of hydrogen in a disproportionation and transalkylation unit to yield a third aromatics stream, wherein the third aromatics stream comprises benzene and xylenes; and
(h) conveying at least a portion of the C 11 + aromatics stream to the hydroprocessing unit, further comprising converting a plastic waste to the hydrocarbon liquid stream and a pyrolysis gas stream in a pyrolysis unit, wherein the pyrolysis gas stream, the first gas stream, the second gas stream, or combinations thereof are used as a fuel in the reforming unit, the pyrolysis unit, the hydroprocessing unit, or combinations thereof.
19. A system for producing benzene and xylenes comprising a pyrolysis unit, a hydroprocessing unit, an optional first aromatics separating unit, a reforming unit, a second aromatics separating unit, a third aromatics separating unit, and a disproportionation and transalkylation unit;
wherein the pyrolysis unit is configured to receive a plastic waste and to produce a hydrocarbon liquid stream and a pyrolysis gas stream;
wherein the hydroprocessing unit comprises a hydroprocessing catalyst, wherein the hydroprocessing unit is configured to receive hydrogen and at least a portion of the hydrocarbon liquid stream and to produce a hydrocarbon product and a first gas stream, wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises C 5 + hydrocarbons, wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises equal to or greater than about 90 wt. % C 10 − hydrocarbons, based on the total weight of the hydrocarbon product, and wherein the hydrocarbon product comprises less than about 1 wt. % olefins, based on the total weight of the hydrocarbon product;
wherein the optional first aromatics separating unit is configured to receive at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product and to produce a saturated hydrocarbons stream and a first aromatics stream, wherein the saturated hydrocarbons stream comprises C 5 + saturated hydrocarbons, and wherein the first aromatics stream comprises C 6 + aromatic hydrocarbons;
wherein the reforming unit comprises a reforming catalyst, wherein the reforming unit is configured to receive at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product and/or at least a portion of the saturated hydrocarbons stream and to produce a reforming unit product, a second gas stream, and a hydrogen stream, wherein an amount of C 6 to C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons in the reforming unit product is greater than an amount of C 6 to C 8 aromatic hydrocarbons in the saturated hydrocarbons stream;
wherein the second aromatics separating unit is configured to receive at least a portion of the reforming unit product and to produce a non-aromatics recycle stream and a second aromatics stream, and wherein the second aromatics stream comprises C 6 + aromatic hydrocarbons;
wherein the third aromatics separating unit is configured to receive at least a portion of the first aromatics stream and/or the second aromatics stream and to produce a first C 6 aromatics stream, a C 7 aromatics stream, a C 8 aromatics stream, a C 9 aromatics stream, a C 10 aromatics stream, and a C 11 + aromatics stream, wherein the first C 6 aromatics stream comprises benzene, wherein the C 7 aromatics stream comprises toluene, wherein the C 8 aromatics stream comprises xylenes and ethylbenzene, and wherein at least a portion of the C 11 + aromatics stream is recycled to the hydroprocessing unit; and
wherein the disproportionation and transalkylation unit comprises a disproportionation and transalkylation catalyst, wherein the disproportionation and transalkylation unit is configured to receive at least a portion of the C 7 aromatics stream, at least a portion of the C 9 aromatics stream, at least a portion of the C 10 aromatics stream, or combinations thereof and to produce a third aromatics stream, wherein the third aromatics stream comprises benzene and xylenes, and wherein a C 9 + aromatic hydrocarbons content of the combined first C 6 aromatics stream, C 8 aromatics stream, and third aromatics stream is less than about 5 wt. %, based on the weight of the combined first C 6 aromatics stream, C 8 aromatics stream, and third aromatics stream.