Method and system providing temporal-spatial prediction of load demand

1. A method for predicting temporal-spatial distribution of load demand on an electric grid due to a plurality of Electric Vehicles (EVs), the method comprising:

creating an EV load demand (EVLD) model for a Region of Interest (ROI) serviced by the electric grid, wherein the EVLD model integrates an EV model and a transport simulator simulating EV traffic conditions for the ROI ( 302 ); and

computing the load demand in time and space in terms of State of Charge (SOC) of a battery for each EV among the plurality of EVs in the ROI, based on the EVLD model ( 304 ), wherein:

the transport simulator tracks location of each EV of the ROI in space domain and time domain in terms velocity at time t and acceleration of the corresponding EV over t+δ at regular time windows at every location among a plurality of location traversed by the EV based on the traffic conditions of the ROI simulated by the transport simulator; and

the EV model provides load demand of each EV in time domain in terms of the SOC of the battery for a corresponding EV for a corresponding time window among the regular time windows, wherein the SOC is estimated based on the velocity and the acceleration of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window and the EV model computes a new SOC (t+δ) depending on energy spent over [t, t+δ];

aggregating the computed the load demand, in terms of the SOC, of each EV in time domain and space domain to create a temporal-spatial impact of the load demand by the plurality of EVs on the electric grid for the ROI ( 306 ), wherein the EVLD model utilizes a mechanical model to compute a mechanical power (P M(t) ) from the velocity and the acceleration of each EV and translating the mechanical power (P M(t) ) to an equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) by an efficiency function η(v, a) as P E(t) =P M(t) /η(v, a), wherein v denotes the velocity and a denotes the acceleration.

2. The method as claimed in claiml, wherein the EV model comprises the mechanical model coupled to the electrical model providing load demand of each EV in terms of SOC of the battery of each EV.

3. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein computing the SOC of the battery for each EV comprises:

estimating, by the mechanical model of the EV model, the mechanical power (P M(t) ) of each EV for each time window among the time windows based on the velocity and the acceleration of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window;

estimating, by the electrical model of the EV model, the equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) of the mechanical power (P M(t) ) for each EV for the corresponding time window, wherein the estimated electric power (P E(t) ) corresponds to a discharging power draining the battery if the computed mechanical power is greater than zero, and the computed electric power (P E(t) ) corresponds to a regenerative power charging the battery if the computed mechanical power (P M(t) ) is less than zero; and

updating the SOC of the battery of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window based on whether the computed equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) is the regenerative power or the discharging power.

4. The method as claimed in claim 1 , wherein aggregating the computed the load demand is based on a plurality of predefined charging policies comprising an End of Day, Home (EOD-H) charging policy and a Home and Away (HAA (q, ε)) charging policy, wherein the HAA (q, ε) charging policy further comprises a plurality of levels differentiated based on a plurality of levels of q providing unique EV penetration levels and a plurality of levels of ε providing unique SOC thresholds.

5. A system ( 100 ) for predicting temporal-spatial distribution of load demand on an electric grid due to a plurality of Electric Vehicles (EVs), the system comprising:

a memory ( 104 ) operatively coupled to one or more hardware processors ( 102 ) and configured to store instructions configured for execution by the one or more hardware processors to:

create an EV load demand (EVLD) model for a Region of Interest (ROI) serviced by the electric grid, wherein the EVLD model integrates an EV model and a transport simulator simulating EV traffic conditions for the ROI; and

compute the load demand in time and space in terms of State of Charge (SOC) of a battery for each EV among the plurality of EVs in the ROI, based on the EVLD model, wherein:

the transport simulator tracks location of each EV of the ROI in space domain and time domain in terms velocity at time t and acceleration of the corresponding EV over t+δ at regular time windows at every location among a plurality of location traversed by the EV based on the traffic conditions of the ROI simulated by the transport simulator; and

the EV model provides load demand of each EV in time domain in terms of the SOC of the battery for a corresponding EV for a corresponding time window among the regular time windows, wherein the SOC is estimated based on the velocity and the acceleration of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window and the EV model computes a new SOC (t+δ) depending on energy spent over [t, t+δ];

aggregate the computed the load demand, in terms of the SOC, of each EV in time domain and space domain to create a temporal-spatial impact of the load demand by the plurality of EVs on the electric grid for the ROI), wherein the EVLD model utilizes a mechanical model to compute a mechanical power (P M(t) ) from the velocity and the acceleration of each EV and translating the mechanical power (P M(t) ) to an equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) by an efficiency function η(v, a) as P E(t) =P M(t) /η(v, a), wherein v denotes the velocity and a denotes the acceleration.

6. The system ( 100 ) of claim 5 , wherein the EV model comprises the mechanical model coupled to the electrical model providing load demand of each EV in terms of SOC of the battery of each EV.

7. The system ( 100 ) of claim 5 , wherein computing the SOC of the battery for each EV comprises:

estimating, by the mechanical model of the EV model, the mechanical power (P M(t) ) of each EV for each time window among the time windows based on the velocity and the acceleration of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window;

estimating, by an electrical model of the EV model, an equivalent electrical power P E(t) of the mechanical power (P M(t) ) for each EV for the corresponding time window, wherein the estimated electric power (P E(t) ) corresponds to a discharging power draining the battery if the computed mechanical power is greater than zero, and the computed electric power (P E(t) ) corresponds to a regenerative power charging the battery if the computed mechanical power (P M(t) ) is less than zero; and

updating the SOC of the battery of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window based on whether the computed equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) is the regenerative power or the discharging power.

8. The system ( 100 ) of claim 5 , wherein aggregating the computed the load demand is based on a plurality of predefined charging policies comprising an End of Day, Home (EOD-H) charging policy and a Home and Away (HAA (q, ε)) charging policy, wherein the HAA (q, ε charging policy further comprises a plurality of levels differentiated based on a plurality of levels of q providing unique EV penetration levels and a plurality of levels of ε providing unique SOC thresholds.

9. A non-transitory computer readable medium storing instructions which, when executed by a hardware processor, cause the hardware processor to perform acts comprising:

creating an EV load demand (EVLD) model for a Region of Interest (ROI) serviced by the electric grid, wherein the EVLD model integrates an EV model and a transport simulator simulating EV traffic conditions for the ROI; and

computing the load demand in time and space in terms of State of Charge (SOC) of a battery for each EV among the plurality of EVs in the ROI, based on the EVLD model, wherein:

the transport simulator tracks location of each EV of the ROI in space domain and time domain in terms velocity at time t and acceleration of the corresponding EV over t+δ at regular time windows at every location among a plurality of location traversed by the EV based on the traffic conditions of the ROI simulated by the transport simulator; and

the EV model provides load demand of each EV in time domain in terms of the SOC of the battery for a corresponding EV for a corresponding time window among the regular time windows, wherein the SOC is estimated based on the velocity and the acceleration of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window and the EV model computes a new SOC (t+δ) depending on energy spent over [t, t+δ];

aggregating the computed the load demand, in terms of the SOC, of each EV in time domain and space domain to create a temporal-spatial impact of the load demand by the plurality of EVs on the electric grid for the ROI, wherein the EVLD model utilizes a mechanical model to compute a mechanical power (P M(t) ) from the velocity and the acceleration of each EV and translating the mechanical power (P M(t) ) to an equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) by an efficiency function η(v, a) as P E(t) =P M(t) /η(v, a), wherein v denotes the velocity and a denotes the acceleration.

10. The non-transitory medium of claim 9 , wherein the EV model comprises the mechanical model coupled to the electrical model providing load demand of each EV in terms of SOC of the battery of each EV.

11. The non-transitory medium of claim 9 , wherein computing the SOC of the battery for each EV comprises:

estimating, by the mechanical model of the EV model, the mechanical power (P M(t) ) of each EV for each time window among the time windows based on the velocity and the acceleration of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window;

estimating, by the electrical model of the EV model, the equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) of the mechanical power (P M(t) ) for each EV for the corresponding time window, wherein the estimated electric power (P E(t) ) corresponds to a discharging power draining the battery if the computed mechanical power is greater than zero, and the computed electric power (P E(t) ) corresponds to a regenerative power charging the battery if the computed mechanical power (P M(t) ) is less than zero; and

updating the SOC of the battery of the corresponding EV for the corresponding time window based on whether the computed equivalent electrical power (P E(t) ) is the regenerative power or the discharging power.

12. The non-transitory medium of claim 9 , wherein aggregating the computed the load demand is based on a plurality of predefined charging policies comprising an End of Day, Home (EOD-H) charging policy and a Home and Away (HAA (q, ε)) charging policy, wherein the HAA (q, ε) charging policy further comprises a plurality of levels differentiated based on a plurality of levels of q providing unique EV penetration levels and a plurality of levels of ε providing unique SOC thresholds.