GPU material assignment for 3D printing using 3D distance fields
A system for generating slice data for additive manufacturing, comprises a graphics processing unit (GPU) that receives a digital model of an object in a three-dimensional build space defined over a plurality of slices, computes a three-dimensional signed distance field over voxels in the build space, assigns a building material to each voxel based on a respective distance field value, and generates slice data output pertaining to the building material assignments for each slice. The slice data output can be used for printing the object in layers corresponding to the slices. The distance field comprises one or more vector having a vertical component with respect to the slices.
1. A system for generating slice data for additive manufacturing, the system comprising:
a graphics processing unit (GPU) configured to receive a digital model of an object in a three-dimensional build space defined over a plurality of slices, to compute a three-dimensional signed distance field over voxels in said build space, to assign a building material to each voxel based on a respective distance field value, and to generate slice data output pertaining to said building material assignments for each slice, for printing said object in layers corresponding to said slices;
wherein said distance field comprises at least one vector having a vertical component with respect to said slices.
2. The system of claim 1 , further comprising a central processing unit (CPU), configured for reading data describing said digital model from a computer readable medium, wherein said GPU receives said data from said CPU.
3. The system of claim 2 , wherein said CPU is configured for receiving said output from said GPU and storing said output on a computer-readable medium for transmitting of said output to a controller of an additive manufacturing system.
4. The system of claim 1 , wherein said GPU is configured for computing z-buffer values over said build space, each z-buffer value representing a vertical component of a respective vector.
5. The system of claim 4 , wherein said computing said z-buffer values comprises comparing a maximal z-buffer value to vertical distances between voxels and a boundary of said object, and assigning said z-buffer values responsively to said comparison.
6. The system of claim 4 , wherein said GPU is configured for computing, for at least one voxel in said build space, a first and a second z-buffer values, said first z-buffer value representing a vertical component of a vector from said at least one voxel to a boundary of said object above said at least one voxel, and said second z-buffer value representing a vertical component of a vector from said at least one voxel to a boundary of said object below said at least one voxel.
7. The system of claim 4 , wherein said GPU is configured for computing an intersection of a boundary of said object with each slice based on said z-buffer values.
8. The system of claim 1 , wherein said GPU is configured for assigning said building material according to a periodic function of said respective distance field value.
9. The system of claim 1 , wherein said GPU is configured for calculating at least one additional distance field over at least one of said slices, said at least one additional distance field being selected from the group consisting of a two-dimensional distance field describing two-dimensional distances to a closest point on a cross section of said digital model within said at least one slice, and a two-dimensional distance field describing two-dimensional distances to a silhouette of said digital model.
10. An additive manufacturing system, comprising:
the system of claim 1 ;
a controller configured for receiving said slice data output; and
a dispensing head for dispensing building materials in layers according to said slice data output.
11. A method of generating slice data for additive manufacturing, the method comprising:
by a graphics processing unit (GPU), receiving a digital model of an object in a three-dimensional build space defined over a plurality of slices,
by said GPU, computing a three-dimensional signed distance field over voxels in said build space, wherein said distance field comprises at least one vector having a vertical component with respect to said slices,
by said GPU, assigning a building material to each voxel based on a respective distance field value, and
by said GPU generating slice data output pertaining to said building material assignments for each slice, for printing said object in layers corresponding to said slices.
12. The method of claim 11 , comprising reading, by a central processing unit (CPU), data describing said digital model from a computer readable medium, wherein said GPU receives said data from said CPU.
13. The method of claim 12 , comprising receiving, by said CPU, said output from said GPU, and storing said output on a computer-readable medium for transmitting of said output to a controller of an additive manufacturing system.
14. The method of claim 11 , comprising computing by said GPU z-buffer values over said build space, each z-buffer value representing a vertical component of a respective vector.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein said computing said z-buffer values comprises comparing a maximal z-buffer value to vertical distances between voxels and a boundary of said object, and assigning said z-buffer values responsively to said comparison.
16. The method of claim 14 , comprising computing by said GPU, a first and a second z-buffer values for at least one voxel in said build space, said first z-buffer value representing a vertical component of a vector from said at least one voxel to a boundary of said object above said at least one voxel, and said second z-buffer value representing a vertical component of a vector from said at least one voxel to a boundary of said object below said at least one voxel.
17. The method of claim 14 , comprising computing an intersection of a boundary of said object with each slice based on said z-buffer values.
18. The method of claim 11 , wherein said assigning said building material is according to a periodic function of said respective distance field value.
19. The method of claim 11 , comprising calculating by said GPU at least one additional distance field over at least one of said slices, said at least one additional distance field being selected from the group consisting of a two-dimensional distance field describing two-dimensional distances to a closest point on a cross section of said digital model within said at least one slice, and a two-dimensional distance field describing two-dimensional distances to a silhouette of said digital model.
20. A method of additive manufacturing, comprising:
executing the method of claim 11 ;
receiving said slice data output by a controller of an additive manufacturing system; and
dispensing by a dispensing head building materials in layers according to said slice data output.