High strength glass-ceramics having petalite and lithium silicate structures
Glass and glass ceramic compositions having a combination of lithium silicate and petalite crystalline phases along with methods of making the glass and glass ceramic compositions are described. The compositions are compatible with conventional rolling and float processes, are transparent or translucent, and have high mechanical strength and fracture resistance. Further, the compositions are able to be chemically tempered to even higher strength glass ceramics that are useful as large substrates in multiple applications.
1. A glass-ceramic article comprising:
Li 2 O;
SiO 2 ;
Al 2 O 3 ; and
a lithium silicate crystalline phase comprising 20 to 60 wt % of the glass-ceramic article,
wherein the article is transparent and has a transmittance of at least 85% for light in a wavelength range from 400 nm to 1,000 nm at a thickness of 1 mm, and further comprising grains having, as measured by a scanning electron microscope, an aspect ratio of 2 or greater.
2. The glass-ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase is a lithium disilicate crystalline phase.
3. The glass-ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase is a lithium metasilicate crystalline phase.
4. The glass-ceramic article of claim 1 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a fracture toughness of 1 MPa·m 1/2 or greater.
5. The glass-ceramic article of claim 4 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a Vickers hardness of about 600 kgf/mm 2 or greater.
6. The glass-ceramic article of claim 5 , further comprising a compressive stress layer.
7. The glass-ceramic article of claim 6 , further comprising grains having a longest dimension of 100 nm or less as measured by a scanning electron microscope.
8. An electronic device comprising a cover wherein the cover comprises the glass-ceramic article of claim 7 .
9. The electronic device of claim 8 , further comprising a petalite crystalline phase.
10. The electronic device of claim 9 , wherein the petalite crystalline phase comprises 20 to 70 wt % of the glass-ceramic article.
11. The electronic device of claim 10 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a ring-on-ring strength of at least 300 MPa.
12. A glass-ceramic article comprising:
Li 2 O;
SiO 2 ;
Al 2 O 3 ; and
a lithium silicate crystalline phase,
wherein the article is transparent and has a transmittance of at least 85% for light in a wavelength range from 400 nm to 1,000 nm at a thickness of 1 mm, and
wherein the article has a fracture toughness of greater than 1.2 MPa·m 1/2 , and further comprising grains having, as measured by a scanning electron microscope, an aspect ratio of 2 or greater.
13. The glass-ceramic article of claim 12 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase is a lithium disilicate crystalline phase.
14. The glass-ceramic article of claim 12 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase is a lithium metasilicate crystalline phase.
15. The glass-ceramic article of claim 12 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase comprises 20 to 60 wt % of the glass-ceramic article.
16. The glass-ceramic article of claim 12 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a Vickers hardness of about 600 kgf/mm 2 or greater.
17. The glass-ceramic article of claim 16 , further comprising a compressive stress layer.
18. The glass-ceramic article of claim 17 , further comprising grains having a longest dimension of 100 nm or less as measured by a scanning electron microscope.
19. An electronic device comprising a cover wherein the cover comprises the glass-ceramic article of claim 18 .
20. The electronic device of claim 19 , further comprising a petalite crystalline phase.
21. The electronic device of claim 20 , wherein the petalite crystalline phase comprises 20 to 70 wt % of the glass-ceramic article.
22. The electronic device of claim 21 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a ring-on-ring strength of at least 300 MPa.
23. A glass-ceramic article comprising:
Li 2 O;
SiO 2 ;
Al 2 O 3 ;
a lithium silicate crystalline phase; and
grains having, as measured by a scanning electron microscope, a longest dimension of 100 nm or less as measured and an aspect ratio of 2 or greater.
24. The glass-ceramic article of claim 23 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase is a lithium disilicate crystalline phase.
25. The glass-ceramic article of claim 23 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase is a lithium metasilicate crystalline phase.
26. The glass-ceramic article of claim 23 , wherein the lithium silicate crystalline phase comprises 20 to 60 wt % of the glass-ceramic article.
27. The glass-ceramic article of claim 23 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a fracture toughness of 1 MPa·m 1/2 or greater.
28. The glass-ceramic article of claim 27 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a Vickers hardness of about 600 kgf/mm 2 or greater.
29. The glass-ceramic article of claim 28 , further comprising a compressive stress layer.
30. An electronic device comprising a cover wherein the cover comprises the glass-ceramic article of claim 29 .
31. The electronic device of claim 30 , further comprising a petalite crystalline phase.
32. The electronic device of claim 31 , wherein the petalite crystalline phase comprises 20 to 70 wt % of the glass-ceramic article.
33. The electronic device of 32 , wherein the article is transparent and has a transmittance of at least 85% for light in a wavelength range from 400 nm to 1,000 nm at a thickness of 1 mm.
34. The electronic device of claim 33 , wherein the glass-ceramic article has a ring-on-ring strength of at least 300 MPa.