Treating seawater for oilfield operations
A method includes mixing seawater with a two-part additive system configured to precipitate sulfate from the seawater; removing the sulfate precipitates from the seawater; and delivering the seawater into an oilfield reservoir.
1. A method comprising:
adding a chelating agent to seawater comprising sulfate ions and divalent cations to reduce a concentration of the divalent cations in the seawater, thereby reducing an interference by the divalent cations on crystallization of the sulfate ions, the chelating agent comprising ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or citric acid;
after adding the chelating agent to the seawater, mixing the seawater with a two-part additive system to precipitate the sulfate ions from the seawater, wherein the two-part additive system comprises aminoguanidine hydrochloride and glyoxal;
removing the sulfate precipitates from the seawater; and
delivering the seawater into an oilfield reservoir.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein mixing the seawater with the two-part additive system causes the formation of crystalline sulfate precipitates having an average diameter of at least 0.1 mm and an average length of at least 1 mm.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the aminoguanidine hydrochloride to the sulfate ions in the seawater is about 2:1 or greater.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein a molar ratio of the glyoxal to the sulfate ions in the seawater is about 1:1 or greater.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-part additive system further comprises a hydrazine compound.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-part additive system further comprises an aldehyde molecule.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-part additive system further comprises a dialdehyde molecule.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-part additive system further comprises a dicarbonyl molecule.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the two-part additive system further comprises an additive having the following structure:
wherein each R 1 is independently be selected from H or any carbon chain and L is a direct link or any suitable molecular linkage.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein after the sulfate precipitates have formed, a concentration of the sulfate ions in the treated seawater is less than 0.02 M.
11. The method of claim 10 , wherein the concentration of the sulfate ions in the treated seawater is lower than a solubility level of sulfate in the treated seawater.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the seawater does not contain a scale inhibitor.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein removing the sulfate precipitates from the seawater comprises filtering the seawater using a filter having a pore size of at least 0.5 mm.
14. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chelating agent comprises ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA).
15. The method of claim 1 , wherein the chelating agent comprises citric acid.