Module lid with embedded two-phase cooling and insulating layer
Techniques for integrating two-phase cooling into a microprocessor chip package lid are provided. In one aspect, a vapor chamber lid device includes: an evaporator plate; a condenser plate attached to the evaporator plate such that a cavity is formed between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate; a thermal insulation layer sandwiched between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate; and a working fluid enclosed within the cavity, wherein the working fluid partially fills the cavity. At least one heat-dissipating device can be placed in thermal contact with the evaporator plate via a thermal interface material. A method is also provided for forming the vapor chamber lid device.
1. A device, comprising:
an evaporator plate;
a condenser plate attached to the evaporator plate such that a cavity is formed between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate, wherein the condenser plate is in direct contact with the evaporator plate;
a thermal insulation layer sandwiched between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate;
a working fluid enclosed within the cavity, wherein the working fluid partially fills the cavity, wherein the cavity formed between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate comprises a single cavity in which both the thermal insulation layer and the working fluid are present; and
microstructures extending into the cavity from either a surface of the evaporator plate or a surface of the condenser plate, wherein the thermal insulation layer is present either between the microstructures and the condenser plate when the microstructures extend into the cavity from the surface of the evaporator plate, or between the microstructures and the evaporator plate when the microstructures extend into the cavity from the surface of the condenser plate.
2. The device of claim 1 , wherein the thermal insulation layer comprises a curable epoxy.
3. The device of claim 1 , wherein the working fluid is selected from the group consisting of: water, a dielectric fluid, and combinations thereof.
4. The device of claim 1 , wherein the working fluid comprises a dielectric fluid selected from the group consisting of: 3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane, ammonia, and combinations thereof.
5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the microstructures are selected from the group consisting of: fins and pins.
6. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a wicking structure on a surface of the evaporator plate within the cavity.
7. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
microfeatures on a surface of the condenser plate within the cavity.
8. The device of claim 7 , wherein the microfeatures comprise sintered spherical particles.
9. The device of claim 1 , further comprising:
a cooling apparatus on the condenser plate.
10. The device of claim 9 , wherein the cooling apparatus is selected from the group consisting of: a cold plate and an air-cooled heat sink.
11. The device of claim 9 , further comprising:
a thermal interface material between the cooling apparatus and the condenser plate.
12. The device of claim 9 , further comprising:
a single plate comprising both the cooling apparatus and the condenser plate.
13. A device, comprising:
an evaporator plate;
a condenser plate attached to the evaporator plate such that a cavity is formed between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate;
a thermal insulation layer sandwiched between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate;
a working fluid enclosed within the cavity, wherein the working fluid partially fills the cavity;
at least one heat-dissipating device in thermal contact with the evaporator plate via a thermal interface material, wherein the cavity formed between the evaporator plate and the condenser plate comprises a single cavity in which both the thermal insulation layer and the working fluid are present; and
microstructures extending into the cavity from either a surface of the evaporator plate or a surface of the condenser plate, wherein the thermal insulation layer is present either between the microstructures and the condenser plate when the microstructures extend into the cavity from the surface of the evaporator plate, or between the microstructures and the evaporator plate when the microstructures extend into the cavity from the surface of the condenser plate.
14. The device of claim 13 , wherein multiple heat-dissipating devices are in thermal contact with the evaporator plate, and wherein the multiple heat-dissipating devices have differing heights, the device further comprising:
at least one pedestal on a surface of the evaporator plate above the multiple heat-dissipating devices have differing heights.
15. The device of claim 13 , wherein the working fluid comprises a dielectric fluid selected from the group consisting of: 3,3,3-Tetrafluoropropene, 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane, 1,1,1,3,3-Pentafluoropropane, ammonia, and combinations thereof.