Peptidomimetics for the treatment of coronavirus and picornavirus infections
Compounds, compositions and methods for preventing, treating or curing a coronavirus, picornavirus, and/or hepeviridae virus infection in human subjects or other animal hosts. Specific viruses that can be treated include enteroviruses. In one embodiment, the compounds can be used to treat an infection with a severe acute respiratory syndrome virus, such as human coronavirus 229E, SARS, MERS, SARS-CoV-1 (OC43), and SARS-CoV-2. In another embodiment, the methods are used to treat a patient co-infected with two or more of these viruses, or a combination of one or more of these viruses and norovirus.
1. A method for treating a coronavirus infection or reducing the biological activity of an infection with a coronavirus, comprising administering an effective antiviral amount of a compound to a patient in need of treatment thereof, wherein the compound has any of Formulas III or V:
or
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,
wherein:
R 1 is an optionally substituted 5-membered ring heteroaryl,
R 3 is an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 2-8 alkoxyalkyl, arylalkyl, alkylaryl, heteroarylalkyl, or alkylheteroaryl, —CH2-(hydroxy)phenyl, or CH 2 -(halo)phenyl,
R 4 is an optionally substituted C 1-6 alkyl,
R 5 is —C(O)H, CH═C(CN)C(O)NH 2 , —C(O)CF 3 , —CH(OH)CF 3 , —C(OH)SO 3 − (and an associated cation), or an optionally-substituted epoxide ring,
R 2 , R 2′ , R 10 and R 10′ are, independently, hydrogen, CF 3 , C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, or C 2-6 alkenyl,
X is a bond,
m is 1 and n is 0, 1, 2, or 3;
p is 0;
R 6 and R 6′ are, independently, hydrogen, halogen, CF 3 , hydroxy, N(R′)S(O) 2 R′, S(O) 2 R′, S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , C 1-6 alkoxy, C 2-6 alkenyl, cyano, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-6 alkoxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, C 1-6 alkyl, aryl alkoxycarbonyl, carboxy, C 1-6 haloalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, or C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl; or R 6 and R 6′ , together with the carbon to which they are attached, form a carbonyl,
each R′ is, independently, H, C 1-6 alkyl, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 alkoxy, C 2-6 alkenyl, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-6 cycloalkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylaryl, or arylalkyl,
the R′ groups can optionally be substituted with one or more substituents, which substituents are, independently, halo, C 1-6 haloalkyl, C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, acyl, aryl, acyloxy, amino, amido, carboxyl derivatives, alkylamino, dialkylamino, arylamino, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, aryloxy, nitro, cyano, sulfonic acid, thiol, imine, sulfonyl, sulfanyl, sulfinyl, sulfamonyl, ester, carboxylic acid, amide, phosphonyl, phosphinyl, phosphoryl, phosphine, thioester, thioether, acid halide, anhydride, oxime, hydrozine, carbamate, phosphonic acid, or phosphonate;
two R′ residing on the same carbon or nitrogen atom can come together to form a C 3-6 ring optionally containing a N, O, or S heteroatom;
R 6 and R 6′ can come together to form an optionally substituted double bond or a C 3-6 ring optionally containing a N, O, or S heteroatom;
R 7 and R 7′ are, independently, hydrogen, CF 3 , N(R′)S(O) 2 R′, S(O) 2 R′, S(O) 2 N(R′) 2 , C 1-6 alkoxy, C 2-6 alkenyl, cyano, C 2-6 alkynyl, C 3-6 alkoxyalkyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkoxycarbonylalkyl, C 1-6 alkyl, arylalkoxycarbonyl, carboxy, C 1-6 haloalkyl, heterocyclylalkyl, or C 1-6 hydroxyalkyl; and
R 7 and R 7′ can come together to form an optionally substituted double bond or a C 3-6 ring optionally containing a N, O, or S heteroatom,
and R 1 is a five or six membered ring heteroaryl.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 5 is C(O)H.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is alkylaryl or alkylheteroaryl, R 1 is
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has one of the following formulas:
and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
5. A method for treating a coronavirus infection or reducing the biological activity of an infection with a coronavirus, comprising administering an effective antiviral amount of a compound to a patient in need of treatment thereof, wherein the compound has one of the following structures:
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein R 3 is phenyl, halo-substituted phenyl, or naphthyl.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the virus is SARS, MERS, or COVID-19.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the virus is a causative agent for a respiratory infection.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the method further comprising administering another anti-coronavirus agent in combination or alternation with the compound of any of Formulas III or V.
10. The method of claim 9 , wherein the one or more additional active compounds are selected from the group consisting of JAK inhibitors, NOX inhibitors, CYP-450 inhibitors, fusion inhibitors, entry inhibitors, protease inhibitors, polymerase inhibitors, antiviral nucleosides, viral entry inhibitors, viral maturation inhibitors, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) inhibitors, SARS-CoV-specific human monoclonal antibodies, platelet aggregation inhibitors, anticoagulant, and agents of distinct or unknown mechanism.
11. The method of claim 9 , wherein the one or more additional active agents comprise remdesivir, GS-441524, N-hydroxy cytidine, Jakafi, Tofacitinib, Baricitinib, or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt or prodrug thereof.
12. The method of claim 1 , wherein the virus is SARS-CoV-2.
13. The method of claim 1 , wherein the compound has one of the following formulas: