Methods and compositions for treating cancer and infectious diseases
The invention relates to compositions comprising a CD4 lymphocyte depleting agent; and methods of using the compositions to treat, prevent, reduce the severity of and/or slow the progression of a condition in a subject. The invention also relates to use of combinations of a CD4 lymphocyte depleting agent and at least one additional agent to treat, prevent, reduce the severity of and/or slow the progression of a condition in a subject. The additional agent may be an immune check point inhibitor, an adoptive immune therapeutic, an immune adjuvant, or an immune modulating agent, or their combinations.
1. A method of treating, reducing the severity of and/or slowing the progression of cancer in a subject in need thereof, comprising:
administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an anti-CD4 antibody to deplete CD4+ regulatory T cells (Tregs) after the cancer has primed the subject's immune system to stimulate an immune response; and
administering a therapeutically effective amount of an immune checkpoint inhibitor to the subject, thereby treating, reducing the severity of and/or slowing the progression of the cancer in the subject, wherein the immune checkpoint inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of an antibody against PD-1, an antibody against PD-L1, or a combination thereof,
wherein the administration of the anti-CD 4 antibody induces interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) response in the subject, and
wherein the cancer is melanoma, breast cancer, colon cancer, or a combination thereof.
2. The method of claim 1 , wherein the subject is a human.
3. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD4 antibody is a monoclonal antibody or an antigen binding fragment thereof, a polyclonal antibody or an antigen binding fragment thereof, a chimeric antibody, a humanized antibody, a human antibody or an antigen binding fragment thereof, or a single chain antibody.
4. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD4 antibody is a humanized anti-CD4 antibody.
5. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD4 antibody is zanolimumab.
6. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD4 antibody is administered at 100-200 mg/day, 200-300 mg/day, 300-400mg/day, 400-500 mg/day, 500-600 mg/day, 600-700 mg/day, 700-800 mg/day, 800-900 mg/day, 900-1000mg/day, 1000-1100 mg/day, 1100-1200 mg/day, 1200-1300 mg/day, 1300-1400 mg/day, 1400-1500 mg/day, 1500-1600 mg/day, 1600-1700 mg/day, 1700-1800 mg/day, 1800-1900 mg/day or 1900-2000 mg/day.
7. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD 4 antibody and the immune checkpoint inhibitor are administered intravenously, or intraperitoneally.
8. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD4 antibody and the immune checkpoint inhibitor are administered concurrently.
9. The method of claim 1 , wherein the anti-CD4 antibody is administered before administering the immune checkpoint inhibitor.
10. The method of claim 1 , wherein the immune checkpoint inhibitor is administered at 0.1-0.5 mg/day, 0.5-1.0 mg/day, 1.0-1.5 mg/day, 1.5-2.0 mg/day, 2.0-2.5 mg/day, 2.5-5 mg/day, 5-10 mg/day, 10-15 mg/day, 15-20 mg/day, 20-25 mg/day, 25-30 mg/day, 30-35 mg/day, 35-4 0mg/day, 40-45 mg/day, 45-50 mg/day, 50-55 mg/day, 55-60 mg/day, 60-65 mg/day, 65-70 mg/day, 70-75 mg/day, 75-80 mg/day, 80-85 mg/day, 85-90 mg/day, 90-95 mg/day or 95-100 mg/day.
11. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering an effective amount of an immune adjuvant.
12. The method of claim 11 , wherein the immune adjuvant is selected from the group consisting of an aluminum salt, a virosome, an oil-based adjuvant, and a combination thereof.
13. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of an immune modulating agent.
14. The method of claim 13 , wherein the immune modulating agent is an mTOR inhibitor.
15. The method of claim 14 , wherein the mTOR inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of (i) temsirolimus (CCI-779), (ii) evirolimus (RAD-001), and (iii) sirolimus (rapamycin).
16. The method of claim 1 , further comprising administering a therapeutically effective amount of an adoptive immune therapeutic agent.
17. The method of claim 16 , wherein the adoptive immune therapeutic agent is a dendritic cell vaccine.
18. The method of claim 16 , wherein the adoptive immune therapeutic agent is selected from the group consisting of a dendritic cell vaccine, a peptide vaccine, an immune cytokine, a heat shock protein-based vaccine, a tumor lysate-based vaccine, and a viral vector carrying a tumor antigen.