SCR catalyst device containing vanadium oxide and molecular sieve containing iron
The invention relates to a catalyst device for purifying exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxide by means of selective catalytic reduction (SCR), comprising at least two catalytic regions, the first region containing vanadium oxide and cerium oxide, and the second region containing a molecular sieve containing iron. The invention also relates to uses, the catalyst device and methods for purifying exhaust gases.
1. A catalyst device for purifying exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxide by means of selective catalytic reduction (SCR), comprising at least two catalytic regions, the first region comprises the following components:
(a) from 0.5 to 10% by weight vanadium oxide, calculated as V 2 O 5 ,
(b) from 0.2 to 10% by weight cerium oxide, calculated as CeO 2 ,
(c) from 0 to 17% by weight tungsten oxide, calculated as WO 3 ,
(d) from 25 to 98% by weight titanium oxide, calculated as TiO 2 ,
(e) from 0 to 15% by weight silicon oxide, calculated as SiO 2 ,
(f) from 0 to 15% by weight aluminum oxide, calculated as Al 2 O 3
and in each case based on the weight of the first region, and
the second region containing a molecular sieve containing iron.
2. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the first region contains, in addition to said components (a), (b) and (d), a quantity of at least one of (c), (e) and (f).
3. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the first region comprises from 0.5 to 5% by weight of cerium oxide, calculated as CeO 2 , and 1 to 5% by weight vanadium oxide, calculated as V 2 O 5 , each based on the weight of the first region.
4. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the first region comprises from 0.5 to 7% by weight of cerium oxide, calculated as CeO 2 and based on the weight of the first region.
5. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the first region comprises from 0.5 to 3% by weight of cerium oxide, calculated as CeO 2 and based on the weight of the first region.
6. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the molecular sieve is a zeolite.
7. The catalyst device according to claim 6 , wherein the zeolite is an iron-exchanged zeolite that preferably has a structure whose maximum ring size has more than 8 tetrahedra.
8. The catalyst device of claim 6 , wherein the zeolite has a structure selected from AEL, AFI, AFO, AFR, ATO, BEA, GME, HEU, MFI, MWW, EUO, FAU, FER, LTL, MAZ, MOR, MEL, MTW, OFF and TON.
9. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , which is designed in such a manner that the exhaust gases initially contact the first region.
10. The catalyst device according to claim 9 , wherein the first and second region form adjacent zones, wherein the first region is a first zone and the second region is a second zone, wherein the first zone is upstream of the second zone in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas.
11. The catalyst device according to claim 10 , wherein the first zone comprises a first pair of superimposed layers and the second zone comprises a second pair of superimposed layers.
12. The catalyst device according to claim 9 , wherein the first and second region form superimposed layers, wherein the first region is the top layer.
13. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the first and second region are applied onto an inert substrate that is preferably a ceramic monolith.
14. A device, comprising:
the catalyst device according to claim 1 and an upstream device releasing exhaust gases.
15. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the first region and the second region form adjacent zones, wherein the first region is a first zone and the second region is a second zone, wherein the first zone is downstream of the second zone in the direction of flow of the exhaust gas.
16. The catalyst device according to claim 1 , wherein the first region and the second region form superimposed layers, wherein the second region is the top layer relative to the first region.
17. A method of selective catalytic reduction (SCR), comprising utilizing catalyst device according to claim 1 for purifying exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxide by means of selective catalytic reduction (SCR).
18. The method according to claim 17 wherein the method includes avoiding the formation of nitrous oxide.
19. The method according to claim 17 , wherein the exhaust gases have an NO 2 /NO x ratio of >0.5 and/or a temperature of 180° C. to 450° C.
20. A method for purifying exhaust gases, comprising the steps of:
(i) providing a catalyst device or a system according to claim 1 ,
(ii) introducing exhaust gases containing nitrogen oxides into the catalyst device,
(iii) introducing a reducing agent containing nitrogen into the catalyst device, and
(iv) reducing nitrogen oxides in the catalyst device by means of selective catalytic reduction (SCR).